Mediating Contestations of Private, Public and Property Rights in Corporate Capitalism
Keywords:
Lawyers, corporations, capitalism, abogados, corporaciones, capitalismoAbstract
The law and lawyers have played a key part in creating the concepts and institutional forms of corporate capitalism in the past century and a half. Legalization has been playing an equally central role especially in the recent decades in forming the institutions of the new global governance. What has been constructed is a corporatist economy, in which highly socialized systems of economic activity are managed in forms which allow and indeed facilitate private control and appropriation. Yet they are very different from those of the `market economy’ envisaged by classical liberal philosophy and political economy. Although the state and the economy appear as separate spheres, they are intricately interrelated in many ways, especially in the definition and allocation of property rights, and in extensive state support and interventions, which play a determining role in investment and profit rates. Working at the interface of the public and private in mediating social action and conflict, lawyers have played a key role in constructing corporatist capitalism, and are central to its governance and legitimation. This is also due to lawyers’ techniques and practices of formulating and interpreting concepts and norms which are inherently malleable and indeterminate, which provide the flexibility to manage the complex interactions of private and public. These techniques and the lawyers who deploy them have also been central both to the construction of the classical liberal system of interdependent states, and during the current period of its gradual fragmentation and the transition to networked regulation and global governance.
La ley y los abogados han desempeñado un papel decisivo en la creación de los conceptos y las formas institucionales del capitalismo corporativo en el último siglo y medio. La legalización ha estado desempeñando así mismo un papel central, sobre todo en las últimas décadas, en la formación de las instituciones de la nueva gobernación global. Lo que se ha construido es una economía corporativista, en el que los sistemas altamente socializados de la actividad económica se administran en formas que permiten, y de hecho facilitan, el control y la apropiación privada. Sin embargo, son muy diferentes de los de la 'economía de mercado' previsto por la filosofía liberal clásica y la economía política. Aunque el estado y la economía parezcan esferas separadas, están íntimamente relacionadas entre sí en muchos aspectos, sobre todo en la definición y asignación de los derechos de propiedad y de un amplio apoyo del Estado y de las intervenciones, las cuales juegan un papel determinante en la inversión y las tasas de ganancia. Al trabajar en la interfaz de los sectores públicos y en la mediación de la acción social y el conflicto, los abogados han desempeñado un papel clave en la construcción del capitalismo corporativista, y son fundamentales para su gobernabilidad y legitimación. Esto se debe a las técnicas y prácticas de los abogados en la formulación e interpretación de conceptos y normas que son inherentemente maleables e indeterminados, y que proporcionan la flexibilidad necesaria para gestionar las complejas interacciones de lo privado y lo público. Estas técnicas y los abogados que los despliegan también han sido fundamentales en la construcción del sistema liberal clásico de los Estados interdependientes, así como en el actual período de su fragmentación gradual y la transición a la interconectada regulación y gobernación global.
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