The Rights of Nature: Three Models
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/sz.iisl.2309Palabras clave:
Modelo de Extensión, Modelo Todo-Incluyente, Modelo Codependencia, derechos de la naturalezaResumen
Este artículo analiza si un enfoque de los derechos de la naturaleza (DD.NN.) que reproduce los derechos y la personalidad jurídica (lo que llamaremos el Modelo de Extensión) puede lograr el objetivo de transformar profundamente nuestra relación con la naturaleza. El artículo sostiene, en primer lugar, que algunas de las formas en que Ecuador y Nueva Zelanda han implementado los DD.NN. sugieren que el Modelo de Extensión conlleva un riesgo inherente de duplicar los marcos existentes de subordinación y objetivación de la naturaleza. En segundo lugar, el artículo explora formas alternativas de organización constitucional para materializar los objetivos de los DD.NN: el Modelo Todo-Incluyente, donde la preservación de la naturaleza se convertiría en el principio rector del orden constitucional; y el Modelo de Codependencia, que requeriría otorgar a la naturaleza y a los seres humanos una consideración igual para garantizar su auto-preservación mutua. En general, el artículo demuestra que el reconocimiento de derechos o personalidad jurídica no debe actuar como una meta conseguida; y que las investigaciones críticas sobre cómo impulsar el cambio paradigmático que persiguen los DD.NN. han de continuar.
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