The good (civil law?) notary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/sz.iisl.2497Palabras clave:
notario público, notario civil, seguridad jurídica, equivalencia de autoridad, derecho anglosajón, derecho civil, reconocimiento transfronterizoResumen
El presente artículo explica cómo las diferencias estructurales entre los notarios de los sistemas de derecho civil y los notarios públicos de los sistemas de derecho anglosajón generan fricciones en la circulación transfronteriza de documentos públicos. A partir de la jurisprudencia y la práctica jurídica española, se traza un giro desde la “equivalencia de formas” hacia la “equivalencia de autoridad” y, cada vez más, hacia el “juicio de suficiencia” del notario. Este cambio relaja el criterio formal y centra la atención en qué funciones públicas se realizan —identificación, capacidad, controles de legalidad, autoría—, reduciendo la necesidad de volver a documentar el acto jurídico. La evidencia no respalda la tesis de que los sistemas de derecho anglosajón sean menos seguros; más bien, desplazan la garantía hacia remedios a posteriori y hacia la responsabilidad y rendición de cuentas profesionales. Se propone un marco de reconocimiento funcional y ponderado por riesgo: los efectos transfronterizos deberían depender de la prestación demostrable de salvaguardas —independencia, competencia proporcional al riesgo, conservación de registros verificable y responsabilidad exigible—, con independencia de la configuración notarial institucional. Desde esta perspectiva, las vías híbridas cobran más coherencia: una liberalización moderada en los sistemas de derecho civil y notarios públicos “reforzados” con formación jurídica en entornos de derecho anglosajón.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Sebastián Rivero Silva

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