Indagaciones Socio Jurídicas sobre Técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida al Campo Legislativo. La Experiencia Argentina (Contributions from Assisted Human Reproduction Techniques’ Socio-legal Research to the Legislative Field. Argentinian's Experience)
Palavras-chave:
Assisted human reproduction, research methodology, legal reform, Reproducción asistida, metodología de la investigación, reforma legislativaResumo
This paper’s intention is to share some of the main results of two field-based research projects regarding assisted human reproduction practices in Argentina. Both projects have been developed in a dynamic legislative context involving medical coverage regulation, parentage determination and the right to know one's origins for children born with third party genetic material. Also, in this context, the Draft Civil and Commercial Code reform introduced two figures that were then removed in the parliamentary debate: post mortem fertilization and surrogate motherhood. All these issues concerning the use of assisted human reproduction challenge the legal field and are addressed in these research projects, one of them more from an explorative perspective and the other from a qualitative descriptive methodology. Therefore, this article aims to introduce some of the measured variables and the findings obtained to serve as relevant contributions to achieve a more appropriate legislation according with the medical and social reality.
El presente trabajo tiene por objeto dar a conocer algunos de los principales resultados obtenidos de dos investigaciones de campo que se complementan en torno a las prácticas de las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida en la Argentina. Ambas indagaciones se han desarrollado en un contexto de alta tensión o dinamismo legislativo, que involucró la regulación de la cobertura médica, la determinación de la filiación y el derecho a conocer los orígenes de niños nacidos con material genético de tercero. A ello se le suma que el entonces Anteproyecto de reforma del Código Civil y Comercial introducía dos figuras que después fueron quitadas en el debate parlamentario: la fertilización post mortem y la gestación por sustitución. Todos estos tópicos que genera el uso de las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida y que interpelan al campo jurídico, son abordados con mayor o menor profundidad en las investigaciones que se presentan en esta oportunidad, una de carácter exploratorio y la restante, de tipo descriptiva mediante una metodología cualitativa. Aquí se comparten algunas de las dimensiones relevadas y los hallazgos obtenidos como insumos de gran relevancia para lograr legislaciones más acordes con la realidad médico-social.
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