Application of AI capabilities in forensics and criminal proceedings
Innovative technologies in forensic examinations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.2555Palabras clave:
inteligencia artificial, aprendizaje profundo, opinión de expertos, examen forense, aprendizaje automáticoResumen
El objetivo de este estudio es identificar y presentar de forma sistemática los ámbitos actuales del análisis forense en los que se pueden utilizar eficazmente las capacidades de la IA. Además, el estudio pretende ofrecer una valoración general de la aplicabilidad de las herramientas de IA a la ciencia forense en el futuro, especialmente en lo que respecta a la posible ampliación de su papel. Los resultados sugieren que la IA tiene el potencial de mejorar sustancialmente el conjunto de herramientas de los exámenes forenses dentro del espectro tecno-biológico, especialmente en áreas que requieren el procesamiento de grandes conjuntos de datos, la comparación de muestras y la identificación de patrones complejos. Sin embargo, la IA es menos aplicable en campos que requieren una comprensión de la psicología humana, el comportamiento o el contexto de los hechos. Este estudio resulta de interés para los profesionales de la ciencia forense y el examen forense desde un punto de vista práctico. Además, destaca qué ramas de la ciencia forense pueden requerir la intervención humana en el futuro, ofreciendo una perspectiva sobre las implicaciones para el mercado laboral y la formación en este campo.
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