Debimos Tirar Más Fotos
Legal memories from Puerto Rico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.2454Parole chiave:
Puerto Rico, Collective memory, Comparative law, InjusticeAbstract
Collective memory is fundamental for understanding the role of law within a specific social and historical context. This work, framed through the narrative device of Puerto Rican icon Bad Bunny’s songs, examines how legal frameworks have shaped not only memories, but also identities and emotions. Adopting a diachronic approach, in reading Puerto Rican history, and a comparative methodology, with a focus on the similarities with the Hawaiian experience, the work analyzes Puerto Rican culture and history with a legal lens, using collective memory as a conceptual bridge to explore the touchpoint of law, memory and history.
Downloads
Metrics
Statistiche globali ℹ️
|
69
Visualizzazioni
|
49
Download
|
|
118
Totale
|
|
Riferimenti bibliografici
Alejo, K., et al., 2020. Behind the Board: Eugenic Sterilizations in North Carolina [online]. College of Liberal Arts & Sciences of Illinois. 5 June. Available at: https://lls.illinois.edu/news/2020-06-05t142806/behind-board-eugenic-sterilizations-north-carolina
American Civil Liberties Union, 2022. Fitisemanu v. U.S. et al. Washington D.C. [online]. American Civil Liberties Union. Available at: https://www.aclu.org/cases/fitisemanu-v-united-states-et-al
Amnesty, 2018a. How Hurricane Maria exposed long ignored human rights concerns in Puerto Rico [online]. 2 October. London: Amnesty International. Available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/10/huracan-maria-revelo-derechos-humanos-desatendidos-en-puerto-rico/
Amnesty, 2018b. Puerto Rico a year after Hurricane Maria [online]. London: Amnesty International. 19 September. Available at: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2018/09/puerto-rico-a-year-after-hurricane-maria/
Arroyo Muñoz, J.C., 2023. Breve historia de Puerto Rico. Un pueblo y su tránsito por los imperios de España y Estados Unidos (1800-2023). Madrid: La Catarata, Colección Eleanor Roosevelt.
Associated Press, 1999. Navy Attributes Fatal Bombing To Mistakes. New York Times [online], 3 August. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/03/us/navy-attributes-fatal-bombing-to-mistakes.html
Atiles-Osoria, J.M., 2012. The Criminalization of Socio-Environmental Struggles in Puerto Rico. Oñati Socio-Legal Series [online], 4(1). Available at: https://opo.iisj.net/index.php/osls/article/view/243
Ayala, C.J., and Carro, V., 2006. Expropriation and Displacement of Civilians in Vieques, 1940-1950. In: R. Bosque Pérez and J.J. Colón Morera, eds., Puerto Rico Under Colonial Rule [online]. State University of New York Press. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.18255532
Bad Bunny, 2022. El Apagón – Aquí Vive Gente (Video Oficial) | Un Verano Sin Ti [YouTube clip]. 16 September. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1TCX_Aqzoo4
Balderston, D., 2001. Culebra Action 1971 [online]. Latin American Studies Association meeting “Culebra and Vieques protests”. September. Washington, DC. Available at: https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/20357/
Ballotpedia, 2020. Puerto Rico Statehood Referendum (2020). Ballotpedia [online]. Available at: https://ballotpedia.org/Puerto_Rico_Statehood_Referendum_(2020)
Ballotpedia, 2024. Puerto Rico Statehood, Independence, or Free Association Referendum (2024). Ballotpedia [online]. Available at: https://ballotpedia.org/Puerto_Rico_Statehood,_Independence,_or_Free_Association_Referendum_(2024)
Banner, S., 2024. Preparing to Be Colonized: Land Tenure and Legal Strategy in Nineteenth-Century Hawaii. Law and Society Review [online], 39(2). Available at: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/law-and-society-review/article/abs/preparing-to-be-colonized-land-tenure-and-legal-strategy-in-nineteenthcentury-hawaii/DA9C50468A4531A7E64F616D7246AEE1
Barnard, D., 2006. Law, Narrative, and the Continuing Colonist Oppressions of Native Hawaiians. bepress Legal Series, Working Paper 1010 [online]. Available at: https://law.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4856&context=expresso
BBC, 2013. Mau Mau torture victims to receive compensation. BBC [online], 6 June. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-22790037
BBC, 2018. Hurricane Maria: Puerto Rico mayor derides Trump actions. BBC [online], 29 August. Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-45348356
Bosque-Pérez, R., and Colón Morera, J.J., 2006. Puerto Rico under Colonial Rule: Political Persecution and the Quest for Human Rights [online]. State University of New York Press. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.18255532 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9780791483381
Boudreau, A., and Bronstein, S., 2010. Island residents sue U.S., saying the military made them sick. CNN Special Investigation Unit, CNN, 1 February.
Briggs,L., 2002. Reproducing Empire - Race, Sex, Science and U.S. Imperialism in Puerto Rico. University of California Press.
Britannica Editors, 2015. Foraker Act, Imperialism. Britannica [online]. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/topic/imperialism
Brusi, R., and Godreau, I., 2021. Public Higher Education in Puerto Rico: Disaster, Austerity, and Resistance. Journal of Academic Freedom [online], 12(2021). Available at: https://www.aaup.org/sites/default/files/Brusi_Godreau_.pdf
Caban, P., 2005. Puerto Rican Nationalist Uprising. Latin American, Caribbean, and U.S. Latino Studies Faculty Scholarship 22 [online]. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1021&context=lacs_fac_scholar
Campbell, J., 2025. Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico). EBSCO [online]. Available at: https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/politics-and-government/popular-democratic-party-puerto-rico
Carr, R., 1984. A colonial experiment. A Twentieth Century Fund Study [online]. New York University Press. Available at: https://archive.org/details/puertoricocoloni0000unse/page/n7/mode/2up
Chévere Lugo, C., 2025. Plenary Powers in the Classroom: The Case for Territorial Law in Legal Curricula. St. Mary’s University: School of Law [online]. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5126414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5126414
Civil Beat Staff, 2022. Candidate Q&A: Office of Hawaiian Affairs At-Large Trustee - Brickwood Galuteria [online], 12 September. Available at: https://www.civilbeat.org/2022/09/candidate-qa-office-of-hawaiian-affairs-at-large-trustee-brickwood-galuteria/
Clary, M., 1993. Puerto Rico Voters Reject Statehood: Election: Supporters of continued commonwealth status are the victors in close contest. Island’s governor says struggles to join Union will go on. Los Angeles Times [online], 15 November. Available at: https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-11-15-mn-57206-story.html
Cleveland Clinic, 2023. Agent Orange [online]. Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/24689-agent-orange-effects
Committee for Human Rights in Puerto Rico, 2000. International Tribunal on Violatino of Human Rights in Puerto Rico and Vieques by the United States of America. Social Justice [online], 27(4). Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/29768042?seq=1
Constitution Annotated, 2023. Uniformity Clause and Indirect Taxes [online]. Available at: https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C1-1-3/ALDE_00013389/
Cumpiano Alfonso, F., 2020. La Persecución por Razones Políticas en Puerto Rico y la Génesis y el desarrollo de la comisión de derechos civiles [online]. San Juan: Academia Puertorriqueña de Jurisprudencia y Legislación. Available at: https://www.academiajurisprudenciapr.org/la-persecucion-por-razones-politicas-en-puerto-r ico-y-la-genesis-y-el-desarrollo/
Department of Veteran Affairs, 2003. Project 112/SHAD Fact Sheets [online]. Department of Veteran Affairs, Countermeasures. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20130726040015/http://mcm.dhhq.health.mil/cb_exposures/project112_shad/shadfactSheets.aspx
Dick, D.L., 2015. U.S. Tax Imperialism in Puerto Rico. American University Law Review [online], 65(1). Available at: https://digitalcommons.wcl.american.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?params=/context/aulr/article/2120/&path_info=1_Dick.pdf
Dubow, S., 2004 Vieques on the Verge. Smithsonian Magazine [online], January. Available at: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/vieques-on-the-verge-107748977
Evans, E., 2023. Fitisemanu, the Insular Cases, and Territorial Autonomy [online]. 23 January. University of Alabama: Legal Research Club, College of Arts and Sciences. Available at: https://legalresearchclub.ua.edu/blog/2023/01/23/fitisemanu-the-insular-cases-and-territorial-autonomy/
Flores, G., 2022. Bad Bunny Explores Blackouts and Gentrification in Puerto Rico With 23-minute ‘El Apagón’ Music Video. Billboard [online], 16 September. Available at: https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/bad-bunny-el-apagon-music-video-puerto-rico-12351 40720/
Galarza, S., 2022. Sterilization of Puerto Rican Women [online]. 13 May. Intercultural Leadership Institute. Available at: https://weareili.org/timeline/sterilization-of-puerto-rican-women/
Gang, A.E., 2018. Agent Orange and Vietnam Veterans. Veterans and Military Law Section [online]. Available at: https://www.fedbar.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Vets-Mil-Spring18-v-1-pdf.pdf
Garcia, I., 2017. “Our interest matter”: Puerto Rican older adults in the age of gentrification. Urban Studies [online], 55(2). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098017736251 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098017736251
Garrett, S.R., 2011. Political Status of Puerto Rico: Options for Congress. CRS Report For U.S. Congress [online]. 7 June. Congressional Research Service. Available at: https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/RL32933.pdf
Genius, 2025. Nuevayol [online]. Available at: https://genius.com/Bad-bunny-nuevayol-lyrics#about
George, M., 2022. Puerto Rico: Following the guiding hand of “Local Guest”. National Geographic [online]. Available at https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/paid-content-puerto-rico-following-the-guiding-hand-of-local-guest
Harvard Law Review, 2020. Aloha Aina: Native Hawaiian Land Restitution. Harvard Law Review [online], 133(6). Available at: https://harvardlawreview.org/archives/vol-133-no-6/
Harvard Law Review, 2022. United States v. Vaello Madero. Harvard Law Review [online], 136(1). Available at: https://harvardlawreview.org/print/vol-136/vaello-madero/
Health and Human Services, 2018. 45 CFR 46 [online]. Department of Health and Human Services. Available at: https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/regulations/45-cfr-46/index.html
Hernandez, J.A., 2024. Puerto Rico’s pursuit of colonial reparations: a path to justice and economic revival. The Decolonial Center [online], 4 July. Available at: https://decolonialcentre.org/2024/07/04/puerto-ricos-pursuit-of-colonial-reparations-a-path-to-justice-and-economic-revival/
Hinojosa, J., 2018. Two Sides of the Coin: Depopulation in Puerto Rico and the Redefinition of the Diaspora. Centro: Journal of the Center for Puerto Rican Studies [online], 30(3). Available at: https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA581024271&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=15386279&p=IFME&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7Ee137f5d7&aty=open-web-entry
Ho, J.D., 2021. Puerto Rico’s Debt Crisis: Overview. EBSCO [online]. Available at: https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/politics-and-government/puerto-ricos-debt-crisis-overview
Hom, S.K., and Yamamoto, E.K., 2000. Collective Memory, History, and Social Justice. UCLA Law Review [online], Vol. 47. Available at: https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/14866359-d3f1-41ff-b7dc-cbbceca30ae0
International Center for MultiGenerational Legacies of Trauma (ICMGLT), 2022. Puerto Rico’s Right to Colonial Reparations [online]. New York. Available at: https://icmglt.org/puerto-ricos-right-to-colonial-reparations-opinion/
Jirau-Colón, H., et al., 2019. Toxic Metals Depuration Profiles from a Population Adjacent to a Military Target Range (Vieques) and Main Island Puerto Rico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health [online], 17(1). Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/1/264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010264
Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, 2022. Lights and Shadows of US Birth Control Testing in Puerto Rico: History and Implications for Other Latin American Countries [online]. Available at: https://sais.jhu.edu/news-press/event-recap/lights-and-shadows-us-birth-control-testing-puerto-rico-history-and
Joseph, S.R., et al., 2020. Colonial Neglect and the Right to Health in Puerto Rico After Hurricane Maria. American Journal of Public Health [online], 110(10). Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7483100/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305814
Kamehameha V Judiciary History Center, 2019. Language and Law [online]. Available at: https://www.jhchawaii.net/history-of-law-language-in-hawaii/
Kauai, W.D., 2014. The color of nationality: continuities and discontinuities of citizenship in Hawai’i [online]. Theses for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (University of Hawaii at Manoa). Political Science. Available at: https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/cccaaac1-8b02-4b66-84b9-30d8129e8a95
Khan, M.M., 2022. Examining Gentrification: A New Internal Colonialism. Inverse Journal [online], 27 March. Available at: https://www.inversejournal.com/2022/03/27/examining-gentrification-a-new-internal-colonialism-an-academic-essay-by-m-moosa-khan/
La Operación, 1983. Film. Directed by Ana María García. Puerto Rico: Latin American Film Project.
Lamba-Nieves, D., Marxuach, M.S., and Torres, R., 2021. PROMESA: A Failed Colonial Experiment? [online] San Juan, Puerto Rico: CNE Puerto Rico’s Think Tank, 29 June. Available at: https://grupocne.org/2021/06/29/promesa-a-failed-colonial-experiment/
Leigh Parker, J., 2025. Puerto Rico Tourism Hits Record-Breaking High. Forbes [online], 12 February. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferleighparker/2025/02/12/puerto-rico-tourism-hits-record-breaking-high/
Lili'uokalani Trust, 2022. Her Story. Lili’uokalani Trust [online]. Available at: https://onipaa.org/her-story
Long, I., 2025. From Forced Sterilization to Fertility Technology: Addressing Medical Mistrust in Puerto Rico [online]. 21 April. Health and Human Rights. Available at: https://www.hhrjournal.org/2025/04/21/from-forced-sterilization-to-fertility-technology-addressing-medical-mistrust-in-puerto-rico/
López, I., 2005. Borinkis and Chop Suey: Puerto Rican Identity in Hawai’i, 1900 to 2000. In: C.T. Whalen and V. Vázquez-Hernández, eds., The Puerto Rican Diaspora: Historical Perspectives [online]. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt14bt09b
López, I., 2008. Matters of Choice: Puerto Rican Women’s Struggle for Reproductive Freedom [online]. Rutgers University Press. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt5hj277
Lopez, K.C., 2019. Ley de la Mordaza: The Law That Made the Puerto Rican Flag Illegal. Lehigh Valley Public Media [online], 16 September. Available at: https://www.wlvt.org/blogs/lehigh/ley-de-la-mordaza-the-law-that-made-the-puerto-rican-flag-illegal/
Luengo-Duque, M.H., 2025. Erasing roots: The impact of urban development on historical memory and identity in San Juan. Urban Resilience and Sustainability [online], 3(1). Available at: https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/urs.2025002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3934/urs.2025002
Lynk, T., 2022. Puerto Rico Tax Incentives: The Ultimate Guide to Act 20 and Act 22. Relocate Puerto Rico [online], 28 November. Available at: https://relocatepuertorico.com/puerto-rico-tax-incentives-the-ultimate-guide-to-act-20-and-act-22/
Ma, C., and Smith, T., 2020. Vulnerability of Renters and Low-Income Households to Storm Damage: Evidence From Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico. American Journal of Public Health [online], 110(2), 196-202. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6951386/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305438
McCaffrey, K., 2018. Environmental Remediation and its discontents: the contested cleanup of Vieques, Puerto Rico. Journal of Political Ecology [online], 25(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.22631 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.22631
Medina, N.C., 2001. Rebellion in the bay: California’s first puerto ricans. Centro Journal [online], 13(1). Available at: https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/377/37711309006.pdf
Moslimani, M., Noé-Bustamante, L., and Shah, S., 2021. Facts on Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin in the United States. Pew Research Center [online], 16 August. Available at https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/fact-sheet/us-hispanics-facts-on-puerto-rican-origin-latinos/
Murphy, C., and Mazzei, P., 2022. The Rush for a Slice of Paradise in Puerto Rico. New York Times [online], 31 January. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/31/us/puerto-rico-gentrification.html
Murphy, C.M., 2021. Trump delayed $20bn in aid to Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria, report finds. The Guardian [online], 22 April. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/22/hurricane-maria-puerto-rico-trump-delayed-aid
Nasser, N., 2021. American Imperialism in Hawai’i: How the United States Legally Usurped a Sovereign Nation and Got Away With It. Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly [online], 48(2). Available at: https://repository.uclawsf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2135&context=hastings_constitutional_law_quaterly
National Museum of African American History and Culture, 2022. A Segregated Military: Indian Wars, Spanish-American War and World War I [online]. Available at: https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/segregated-military-indian-wars-spanish-american-war-and-world-war-i
Navarro, M., 2011. U.S. Finds No Link Between Vieques Bombings and Health Risks. New York Times [online], 8 December. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/09/science/earth/us-says-navy-bombings-on-vieques-pr-posed-no-health-risks.html
New York Times, 1979. Puerto Ricans Vow to Avenge Death in U.S. Prison. New York Times [online], 18 November. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/1979/11/18/archives/puerto-ricans-vow-to-avenge-death-in-us-prison.html
Novak, N.L., et al., 2018. Disproportionate Sterilization of Latinos Under California’s Eugenic Sterilization Program, 1920-1945. American Journal of Public Health [online], 108(5), 611-613. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304369 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304369
Numasaki, J., 2021. The Bayonet Constitution: The Beginning of the Illegal Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Pacific Postcards [online]. University of Southern California. Available at: https://scalar.usc.edu/works/pacificpostcards/jolie-numasaki-essay-2
Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), 2013. What We Do [online]. Honolulu: The Office of Hawaiian Affairs. Available at: https://www.oha.org/what_we_do/resource-management/
Olsen, F., 2004. Civil Disobedience on Vieques: How Nonviolence Defeated the U.S. Military. Florida Journal of International Law [online], 16(3). Available at: https://scholarship.law.ufl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1398&context=fjil
Pimentel Rivera, A., 2023. Opposing Powers at the Helm: the Production of (Im)mobilities of Maritime Transportation in Vieques, Puerto Rico [online]. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Available at: https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/128711/bitstreams/429999/data.pdf
Puerto Rico 51st, 2025. Nationwide Medicaid Changes. Puerto Rico 51st [online]. 30 June. Available at: https://www.pr51st.com/upcoming-medicaid-changes-in-puerto-rico/
Puerto Rico Report, 2004. The 1998 Plebiscite Revisited. Puerto Rico Report [online]. 22 June. Available at: https://puertoricoreport.com/issues2004vol8n26poll0826-en-html/
Puerto Rico Report, 2025. English as “the official language” of Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico Report [online], 20 March. Available at: https://puertoricoreport.com/english-as-the-official-language-of-puerto-rico/
Ralstin-Lewis, M.D., 2005. The Continuing Struggle Against Genocide: Indigenous Women’s Reproductive Rights. Wicazo Sa Review [online], 20(1). Available at: https://gladue.usask.ca/sites/gladue1.usask.ca/files/gladue/resource531-2d9c0425.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/wic.2005.0012
Ramírez de Arellano, S., 2017. Puerto Rican statehood is sold as a cure-all. That’s a pipe dream. The Guardian [online], 14 June. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/14/puerto-rican-statehood-cure-pipe-dream
Rivera Ramos, E., 1994. The legal construction of American colonialism: An inquiry into the constitutive force of law [online]. PhD Thesis University College London. Available at: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10104303/
Rivera Vargas, D., 2025. ¿Qué le pasó a Hawaii? Microjuris [online], 9 January. Available at: https://aldia.microjuris.com/2025/01/09/que-le-paso-a-hawaii-la-historia-detras-del-tema-de-bad-bunny-analizado-por-una-profesora-de-derecho/
Roberts, C.W., 2017. Facts and Ideas from Anywhere. Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings [online], 28(3), 421-432. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4462239/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2015.11929297
RSM, 2019. Tax Benefits Under the Puerto Rico Qualified Opportunity Zones Act. Year 2019(3) [online]. Available at: https://www.rsm.global/puertorico/sites/default/files/media/tax-benefits-qualified-opportunity-zones-puerto-rico.pdf
Rubiano Yedida, D., et al., 2020. Puerto Rico’s Public School Closures - Community Effects and Future Paths [online]. August. Berkeley: Other & Belonging Institute, Centro para la Reconstrucción del Hábitat. Available at: https://escholarship.org/content/qt8rf2c1p0/qt8rf2c1p0_noSplash_f42ec97e9daf5f256533e43bec159b99.pdf
Ruiz, J., 2022. An Unfulfilled Promise: Colonialism, Austerity, and the Puerto Rican Debts Crisis. Harvard Political Review [online], 14 June. Available at: https://harvardpolitics.com/unfulfilled-promise-2/
Sai, K., 2018. The Illegal Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom Government [online]. National Education Association: neaToday, 2 April. Available at: https://www.nea.org/nea-today/all-news-articles/illegal-overthrow-hawaiian-kingdom-government
Sanderson, H., et al., 2017. Civilian exposure to munitions-specific carcinogens and resulting cancer risk for civilians on the Puerto Rican island of Vieques following military exercises from 1947 to 1988. Global Security: Health, Science and Policy [online], 2(1). Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23779497.2017.1369358 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23779497.2017.1369358
Santiago Rivera, C.A., 2017. Comentario a la Reforma Laboral. Centro de Estudios Económicos, Sociales, Jurídicos y del Trabajo (CEESJUTRA). Río Piedras, Puerto Rico.
Serrano, S., 2011. Collective Memory and the Persistence of Injustice: From Hawai’i’s Plantations to Congress - Puerto Ricans’ Claims to Membership in the Polity. Southern California Review of Law and Social Justice [online], Vol. 20. Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3488409
Serrano, S., 2022. Reframing Environmental Justice at the Margins of the U.S. Empire. Harvard Civil Rights. Civil Liberties Law Review [online], 57(2). Available at: https://journals.law.harvard.edu/crcl/wp-content/uploads/sites/80/2023/01/ReframingEnvironmentalJusticeAtTheMarginsOfUSEmpire.pdf
Silva, N.K., 2000. The Political Economy of Banning the Hula. The Hawaiian Journal of History [online], vol. 34. Available at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/5014615.pdf
Souza, B.C., 1984. Trabajo y Tristeza - “Work and Sorrow”: The Puerto Ricans of Hawaii 1900-1902. The Hawaiian Journal of History [online], vol. 18 (1984). Available at: https://files.core.ac.uk/download/pdf/5014661.pdf
Sproat, D.K., and Palau-McDonald, M.J., The Duty to Aloha Aina: Indigenous Values as a Legal Foundation for Hawai’i’s Public Trust. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review [online], 56. Available at: https://manoa.hawaii.edu/kahuliao/wp-content/uploads/sites/122/2023/03/The-Duty-To-Aloha-Aina.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4935214
Tapu, I.F., 2020. How to say sorry: fulfilling the United States’ trust obligation to native Hawaiians by using the canons of construction to interpret the Apology Resolution. NYU Review of Law & Social Change [online], 44(445). Available at: https://socialchangenyu.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/6_Tapu_44.3_Digital.pdf
The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, 2018. Bad Bunny: Estamos Bien (TV Debut) [YouTube clip]. 27 September. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIQXI0UuX8M&t=55s
Thurlow, A., 2021. The vital context of “sorry”: collective apology and social memory [online]. London: International Public Relations Association. Available at: https://www.ipra.org/news/itle/itl-433-the-vital-context-of-sorry-collective-apology-and-social-memory/
Torres-Robles, C.L., 1999. La mitificación y desmitificación del jíbaro como símbolo de la identidad nacional puertorriqueña. Bilingual Review [online], 24(3). Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25745665?seq=1
Torruella, J., 2007. The Insular Cases: The Establishment of a Regime of Political Apartheid. University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law [online], 29(2). Available at: https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/jil/vol29/iss2/1/
United States, Supreme Court, 1901. Downes v. Bidwell. United States Reports [online], Vol. 182. Library of the Congress. Available at: https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/usrep/usrep182/usrep182244/usrep182244.pdf
Vega-Ramos, L., 2019. Time to undo the United States’ failed Promesa to Puerto Rico. The Hill [online], 5 March. Available at: https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/politics/441945-time-to-undo-the-united-states-failed-promesa-to-puerto-rico/
Walsh, C., 2024. Reexamining the Insular Cases. Again. Harvard Law Bulletin [online], Spring. Available at: https://hls.harvard.edu/today/reexamining-the-insular-cases-again/
White House Historical Association, 2024. Hawai’i and the White House. The White House Historical Association [online]. Available at: https://www.jfklibrary.org/asset-viewer/archives/jfkoh-jlmm-01
White, L.C., 1965. Luis Muñoz Marín Oral History Interview - JFK #1. JFK Library [online]. Available at: https://www.jfklibrary.org/asset-viewer/archives/jfkoh-jlmm-01
Withers, G., 2013. Vieques, a Target in the Sun [online]. Washington Office on Latin America, May. Available at: https://www.wola.org/sites/default/files/downloadable/Regional%20Security/Vieques%20a%20Target%20in%20the%20Sun%205.1.13.pdf
##submission.downloads##
Pubblicato
Come citare
Fascicolo
Sezione
Licenza
Copyright (c) 2025 Diego Pasquale Morone

Questo lavoro è fornito con la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale.
OSLS strictly respects intellectual property rights and it is our policy that the author retains copyright, and articles are made available under a Creative Commons licence. The Creative Commons Non-Commercial Attribution No-Derivatives licence is our default licence and it regulates how others can use your work. Further details available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 If this is not acceptable to you, please contact us.
The non-exclusive permission you grant to us includes the rights to disseminate the bibliographic details of the article, including the abstract supplied by you, and to authorise others, including bibliographic databases, indexing and contents alerting services, to copy and communicate these details.
For information on how to share and store your own article at each stage of production from submission to final publication, please read our Self-Archiving and Sharing policy.
The Copyright Notice showing the author and co-authors, and the Creative Commons license will be displayed on the article, and you must agree to this as part of the submission process. Please ensure that all co-authors are properly attributed and that they understand and accept these terms.














