Wrongful adoption: ¿Quién responde?
(Wrongful adoption: who is liable?)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1952Keywords:
Wrongful adoption, responsabilidad civil, adopción, deber de información, civil liability, adoption, duty of informationAbstract
El artículo analiza la posible reclamación de responsabilidad civil que puede plantearse en el contexto de una adopción cuando no se informa a los adoptantes de determinadas condiciones de enfermedad o comportamiento disruptivo presentes en el adoptado con anterioridad a la constitución de la adopción. Partiendo de la experiencia estadounidense en relación con las acciones de wrongful adoption, se estudia si sería posible ejercitar una reclamación de responsabilidad paralela en el ámbito del Derecho español o existen diferencias significativas entre ambos sistemas que justifiquen su rechazo en nuestro ordenamiento. Más allá de examinar si cabe en tales supuestos la alternativa de poner término al vínculo creado legalmente por medio de una anulación de la adopción, el análisis se centra en las cuestiones más problemáticas en torno a la posible reclamación de responsabilidad, fundamentalmente el daño y el parámetro de imputación subjetiva, y en si tal remedio es el más apropiado para solucionar ese tipo de problemas.
The article analyzes the possible claim that may arise in the context of an adoption when the adoptive parents are not informed of certain conditions of illness or disruptive behavior present in the adoptee prior to the constitution of the adoption. Based on the US experience in relation to wrongful adoption actions, it is studied whether it would be possible to file a parallel liability claim in the field of Spanish Law or there are significant differences between both systems that justify their rejection in our legal system. Beyond studying whether the alternative of ending the relationship legally created by means of an annulment of the adoption fits in such cases, the analysis focuses on the most problematic issues regarding the possible claim, namely the damage and the subjective imputation parameter, and whether such a remedy is the most appropriate to solve this type of problems.
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