Asylum adjudication system: A new frontier of legal culture
Keywords:
asylum adjudication system, legal culture, knowledge, judicial system, sistema de adjudicación de asilo;, cultura jurídica, conocimiento, sistema judicialAbstract
Over the last 15 years, Italy has faced an exceptional migratory surge which brought the Italian asylum system into the limelight. Previously, asylum applications were rare, and the control of irregular migration dominated the political and legal debate. The growing number of applications for international protection put the asylum system under pressure and it was reformed in 2017 and in 2018. This article aims to understand the asylum adjudication system in Italy through the lens of the concept of legal culture. In particular, the concept is used as an approach (Nelken 2004) that focuses on reconstructing and analysing the changes that have taken place in the area of the international protection in Italy and the institutionalization process affecting the asylum adjudication procedures. Migration as a phenomenon, and in particular the system of recognition of international protection, has a deep impact on legal rules and specifically on judges, who are obliged to face the limits of their knowledge and of a formalistic approach to law. The article reports the results of a research conducted in an Italian tribunal and will try to answer some key questions on how asylum cases have impacted on the legal system, making this topic one of the new frontiers of the legal culture.
En los últimos 15 años, Italia se ha enfrentado a una oleada migratoria excepcional que ha puesto el sistema de asilo italiano en el punto de mira. Anteriormente, las solicitudes de asilo eran escasas y el control de la migración irregular dominaba el debate político y jurídico. El creciente número de solicitudes de protección internacional puso el sistema de asilo bajo presión y fue reformado en 2017 y en 2018. Este artículo pretende comprender el sistema de adjudicación de asilo en Italia a través de la lente del concepto de cultura jurídica. En particular, el concepto se utiliza como un enfoque (Nelken 2004) que se centra en la reconstrucción y el análisis de los cambios que han tenido lugar en el ámbito de la protección internacional en Italia y el proceso de institucionalización que afecta a los procedimientos de adjudicación de asilo. La migración como fenómeno, y en particular el sistema de reconocimiento de la protección internacional, tiene un profundo impacto en las normas jurídicas y, concretamente, en los jueces, que se ven obligados a enfrentarse a los límites de sus conocimientos y de un enfoque formalista del derecho. El artículo informa de los resultados de una investigación realizada en un tribunal italiano e intentará responder a algunas preguntas clave sobre cómo los casos de asilo han impactado en el sistema jurídico, convirtiendo este tema en una de las nuevas fronteras de la cultura jurídica.
Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1309
Correction notice: This article was updated on 28 February 2024, per authors’ request, to include the following footnote, which had been missing from the original publication: The article is the result of a joint journey undertaken by the two authors, through various presentations at conferences and mutual reflections. Consequently, the final version of the article reflects a shared effort, making it impossible to attribute specific paragraphs solely to one author or the other. The contribution should be considered equal throughout the entire article.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Valeria Ferraris, Teresa Consoli
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