Engaging with court research: The case of French terror trials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1732Palavras-chave:
Empirical court research, terrorism, multi-disciplinary research, French criminal prosecutionResumo
Transnational legal research often tends to overlook the local management of justice. It often moves too quickly from the local to the trans/global level, without taking the necessary time to investigate local practices. In addressing this research gap, my aim is to “re-localize“ studies within their geographical context and analyze the trans/national dynamics from within, using a bottom-up approach based on ethnography. This article presents a prolonged ethnography carried between 2017 and 2022 within French terrorism courts by a multidisciplinary team. The article provides an overview of the methodology, highlights the key finding, and offers a methodological framework for future empirical court studies, with the intention of supporting researchers in their future studies.
Downloads
Metrics
Downloads:
13(S1)_Weill_OSLS (English) 393
XML_13(S1)_Weill_OSLS (English) 7
Referências
Abel, R., 2019. Law’s Wars: The Fate of the Rule of Law in the US “War on Terror“. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108555302
Arendt, H., 1963. Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil. London: Faber & Faber.
Baczko, A., 2021. La guerre par le droit. Les tribunaux Taliban en Afghanistan. Paris: CNRS.
Bellanger, H., et al., 2023. Filmer les procès pour l’histoire, de Klaus Barbie au procès V13. Évolution des injonctions et des pratiques (1987–2022). Politika [online], 9 January. Available at: https://www.politika.io/index.php/fr/article/filmer-proces-lhistoire-klaus-barbie-au-proces-v13-evolution-injonctions-pratiques-19872022
Bergman Blix, M., et al., eds., 2019. Introducing an Interdisciplinary Frontier to Judging, Emotion and Emotion Work. Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 9(5), 548–556. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1095
Besnier, C., et al., 2020. Les filières djihadistes en procès. Approche ethnographique des audiences criminelles et correctionnelles (2017–2019). Rapport, Mission GIP-Droit et Justice.
Bienvault, P., 2020. Procès Charlie Hebdo - Hyper Cacher : « Ne pas faire peser sur les accusés le poids des attentes de la société ». La Croix [online], 2 September. Available at: https://www.la-croix.com/France/Proces-Charlie-Hebdo-Hyper-Cacher-Ne-pas-faire-peser-accuses-poids-attentes-societe-2020-09-02-1201111869
Bigo, D., 2007. The Field of the EU Internal Security Agencies. Paris: L’Harmattan.
Bigo, D., and Bonelli, L., eds., 2018. Introduction : Ni État de droit, ni État d’exception. L’état d’urgence comme dispositif spécifique? Cultures & Conflits, 112(4), 7–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/conflits.20490
Bourdieu, P., 1987. The Force of Law: Toward a Sociology of the Juridical Field. Hastings Law Journal, 38(5).
Brisard, J.C., et al., 2018. La justice pénale face au djihadisme: Le traitement judiciaire des filières syro-irakiennes (2014–2017) [online]. May. Centre d’Analyse du Terrorisme (CAT). Available at: http://cat-int.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Rapport-Justice-p%C3%A9nale-face-au-djihadisme.pdf
Cerf, J., 2023. Loïc Wacquant : “La sociologie est un art martial qui permet de se défendre contre le monde social”. Télérama [online], 18 June. Available at: https://www.telerama.fr/debats-reportages/loic-wacquant-la-sociologie-est-un-art-martial-qui-permet-de-se-defendre-contre-le-monde-social-7016061.php
Chinkin, C., and Kaldor, M., 2017. International Law and New Wars. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316759868
Christensen, M.J., 2017. Crafting and Promoting International Crimes: A Controversy Between Legal Professionals of Core Crimes and Anti-Corruption. Leiden Journal of International Law, 30(2), 501–521. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0922156517000036
Conti, B., 2022. Rise and Fall of a Jihadist neo-family: The Cannes-Torcy cell. In: J. Ferret and F. Khosrokhavar, eds., Family and Jihadism: The French Experience. London: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003208570-6
Conti, B., 2023. Trajectories of (Non)Radicalisation in a French Prison. In: H. Pilkington, ed., Resisting Radicalisation? Understanding Young People’s Journeys through Radicalising Milieus. New York: Berghahn Books, 262–292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.7193887.12
Cotterrell, R., 2012. What Is Transnational Law? Law and Social Inquiry, 37(2), 500–524. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2012.01306.x
De Goede, M., 2020. Engagement all the way down. Critical Studies on Security, 8(2), 101–115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21624887.2020.1792158
De Londras, F., 2022. The Practice and Problems of Transnational Counter-Terrorism. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139137010
Dezalay, S., 2020. Introduction: Wars on Law, Wars through Law? Law and Lawyers in Times of Crisis. Journal of Law and Society, 47(S1), S1–S13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jols.12252
Dupret, B., 2021. Contents. In Positive Law from the Muslim World: Jurisprudence, History, Practices. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108954877
Dupret, B., et al., eds., 2015. Law at Work: Studies in Legal Ethnomethods. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210243.001.0001
ENM and Dalloz, 2021. Les Cahiers de la Justice [online], 2021(2, Le procès des attentats des 7, 8 et 9 janvier 2015). Available at: https://www.dalloz-revues.fr/Les_cahiers_de_la_justice-cover-99276.htm
ENM and Dalloz, 2023. Les Cahiers de la Justice [online], 2023(1). Available at: https://www.dalloz-revues.fr/Les_cahiers_de_la_justice-cover-118112.htm DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/cdlj.2401.0013
Etienne, V., 2022. La société face au terrorisme : quel rôle pour les procès? Sciences Po [online], 9 November. Available at: https://www.sciencespo.fr/fr/actualites/la-societe-face-au-terrorisme-quel-role-pour-les-proces
Fassin, D., and Kobelinsky, C., 2012. Comment on juge l’asile: l’institution comme agent moral. Revue française de sociologie, 53(4), 657–688. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/rfs.534.0657
Feeley, M.M., 1979. The Process is the Punishment: Handling Cases in a Lower Criminal Court. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1288075
Financial Times, 2021a. A “truth commission”: Paris terror trial grips France. Financial Times, 12 November.
Financial Times, 2021b. Paris terror victims to make voices heard at landmark French trial. Financial Times, 7 September.
Foley, F., 2013. Countering Terrorism in Britain and France: Institutions, Norms and the Shadow of the Past. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139342490
Garapon, A., and Rosenfeld, M., 2016. Démocraties sous stress Les défis du terrorisme global. Paris: PUF. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/puf.garap.2016.03
Garfinkel, H., 1967. What is ethnomethodology? In: H. Garfinkel, Studies in Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1–35.
Halliday, T.C., and Shaffer, G., 2015. Transnational Legal Orders. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107707092
Hennette-Vauchez, S., 2022. La démocratie en état d’urgence. Quand l’exception devient permanente. Paris: Seuil.
Hodgson, J., 2020. Metamorphosis of Criminal Justice: A Comparative Account. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199981427.001.0001
Jacquin, J.B., 2020. Procès de terroristes : « Il y a une tension entre le contexte sécuritaire et l’audience où l’on revient à une justice plus ordinaire ». Le Monde [online], 10 March. Available at: https://www.lemonde.fr/idees/article/2020/03/10/proces-de-terroristes-il-y-a-une-tension-entre-le-contexte-securitaire-et-l-audience-ou-l-on-revient-a-une-justice-plus-ordinaire_6032428_3232.html
Kennedy, D., 1997. A Critique of Adjudication (Fin de Siècle). Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
Khosrokhavar, F., 2018. Le nouveau jihad en Occident. Paris : Robert Laffont.
Kohler-Hausmann, I., 2018. Misdemeanorland: Criminal Courts and Social Control in an Age of Broken Windows Policing. Princeton University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23943/9781400890354
Latour, B., 2002. La fabrique du droit Une ethnographie du Conseil d’État. Paris: La Découverte.
Lefranc, S., 2021. A tale of many jurisdictions: how universal jurisdiction is creating a transnational judicial space. Journal of Law and Society, 48(4), 573–594. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jols.12328
Lefranc, S., and Weill, S., 2023. Le procès V13 comme expérimentation judiciaire: entre justices pénale et transformative. Les Cahiers de la Justice, 2023/1, 41–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/cdlj.2301.0041
Lerner, R.L., 2001. The intersection of two systems: an American on trial for an American murder in the French cour d’assises. University of Illinois Law Review, 791, 791–856.
Malinowski, B., 1927. Sex and repression in savage society. London: Harcourt Brace.
Massoud, M., 2021. Shari’a, Inshallah Finding God in Somali Legal Politics. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108965989
McEvoy, K., et al., 2022. Lawyers in Conflict and Transition. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139016544
Mégie, A., and Pawella, J., 2017. Les procès correctionnels des filières djihadistes. Juger dans le contexte de la « guerre contre le terrorisme. Les Cahiers de la Justice, 2017/2, 235–251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/cdlj.1702.0235
Merry, S.E., 2006. New legal realism and the ethnography of transnational law. Law and Social Inquiry, 31(4), 975-995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2006.00042.x
Mustafina, R., 2022. “Turning on the Lights? Publicity andDefensive Legal Mobilization in protest-Related Trials in Russia.” Law & Society Review, 56(4), 601–622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12631
Nossiter, A., 2018. Paris Trial Shows Faltering Evolution of a Jihadist Cell. New York Times, 13 April.
Promete, 2021. Les procès « historiques » du terrorisme. Politika [online]. Available at: https://www.politika.io/fr/atelier/proces-historiques-du-terrorisme
Roach Anleu, S., and Mack, K., 2021. Judging and Emotion: A Socio-Legal Analysis. London: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315180045
Roy, O., 2010. Généalogie de l’islamisme. Paris: Hachette.
Saul, B., ed., 2020. Research Handbook on International Law and Terrorism. 2nd ed. Edward Elgar. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788972222
Shaffer, G., and Ginsburg, T., 2012. The Empirical Turn in International Legal Scholarship. American Journal of International Law, 106(1), 1–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.106.1.0001
Shamir, R., 1990. “Landmark Cases“ and the Reproduction of Legitimacy. Law & Society Review, 24(3), 781–805. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3053859
Shapiro, M., 1986. Courts: A Comparative and Political Analysis. University of Chicago Press.
Shapiro, M., and Stone Sweet, A., 2002. On Law, Politics, and Judicialization. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/0199256489.001.0001
Starr, J., and Goodale, M., 2002. Introduction: Legal Ethnography: New Dialogues, Enduring Methods. In: J. Starr and M. Goodale, eds., Practicing Ethnography in Law. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06573-5
Sullivan, G., 2020. The Law of the List UN Counterterrorism Sanctions and the Politics of Global Security Law. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108649322
Talesh, S., et al., eds., 2021. Research Handbook on Modern Legal Realism. Cheltenham : Edward Elgar. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788117777.00008
Tellier, M., and Sturm, F., 2020. “Association de malfaiteurs terroriste” : une infraction qui pose question. Radio France [online], 16 December. Available at: https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/association-de-malfaiteurs-terroriste-une-infraction-qui-pose-question-9349108
Vedaschi, A., and Scheppele, K., eds., 2021. The Rise of Global Anti-Terrorism Law: How the UN Security Council Rules the World (Global Law Series). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009023146
Wacquant, L., 2021. Body & Soul Notebooks of an Apprentice Boxer. Oxford University Press (with post preface).
Washington Post, 2021. In a custom-built courtroom, the trial begins for the November 2015 Paris attacks. Washington Post, 8 September.
Weill, S., 2014. The Role of National Courts in Applying International Humanitarian Law. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199685424.001.0001
Weill, S., 2018. French foreign fighters: The engagement of administrative and criminal justice in France. International Review of the Red Cross, No. 907–909, 211–238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1816383119000377
Weill, S., 2020. Transnational Jihadism and the Role of Criminal Judges: An Ethnography of French Courts. Journal of Law and Society, 47(S1), 30–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jols.12247
Weill, S., 2021. Épisode 102/102: Procès du 11-Septembre : fin de partie pour l’état d’exception ? [Round table. Radio broadcast]. Radio France [online], 10 September. Available at: https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/cultures-monde/proces-du-11-septembre-fin-de-partie-pour-l-etat-d-exception-4596669
Weill, S., and Sulzer, J., 2021. Rights of the accused and rights of the civil parties: incompatible requirements? Les Cahiers de la Justice, 2021/2(2), 351–360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/cdlj.2102.0351
Weill, S., Seelinger, K.T., and Carlson, K.B., 2022. Theorizing empirical court research: The test case of the trial of Hissène Habré. ICRC Review, 918. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1816383122000182
Weill, S., Seelinger, K.T., and Carlson, K.B., eds., 2020. The President on Trial, Prosecuting Hissene Habre. Oxford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858621.001.0001
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Sharon Weill
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
OSLS strictly respects intellectual property rights and it is our policy that the author retains copyright, and articles are made available under a Creative Commons licence. The Creative Commons Non-Commercial Attribution No-Derivatives licence is our default licence, further details available at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 If this is not acceptable to you, please contact us.
The non-exclusive permission you grant to us includes the rights to disseminate the bibliographic details of the article, including the abstract supplied by you, and to authorise others, including bibliographic databases, indexing and contents alerting services, to copy and communicate these details.
For information on how to share and store your own article at each stage of production from submission to final publication, please read our Self-Archiving and Sharing policy.
The Copyright Notice showing the author and co-authors, and the Creative Commons license will be displayed on the article, and you must agree to this as part of the submission process. Please ensure that all co-authors are properly attributed and that they understand and accept these terms.