La iniciativa ciudadana en el procedimiento legislativo italiano: de su ineficacia a las propuestas de reforma (Popular Initiative in the Italian Legislative Procedure: From Its Ineffectiveness to the Reform Proposals)
Mots-clés :
iniciativa legislativa popular, democracia directa, participación ciudadana, procedimiento legislativo, reforma costitucional italianaRésumé
Ante el resurgimiento de los instrumentos institucionales destinados a permitir la manifestación efectiva de la voluntad del pueblo, la iniciativa popular se configura como un elemento fundamental que garantiza el equilibrio entre la realidad participativa y la voluntad de los órganos de representación. Desafortunadamente, el fracaso de las iniciativas de los ciudadanos se ha atribuido a la falta de normas uniformes, de disposiciones coherentes y coordinadas entre sí, de requisitos y limitaciones bien definidos por parte de las instituciones que a través de su trabajo deberían asegurar la eficacia de la participación. Desde esta perspectiva, el presente trabajo se referirá, en primer lugar, a la capacidad de los ciudadanos para proponer proyectos de ley a nivel nacional y que encuentra una mayor expresión con la nueva reforma constitucional. En segundo lugar, se pondrán de relieve las diferencias que han marcado las dos generaciones estatutarias desde el punto de vista de la participación popular en el proceso legislativo regional y también se compararán los regímenes jurídicos específicos de la iniciativa popular en la realidad subnacional italiana.Faced with the revival of institutional instruments aim at achieving effective manifestation of the will of the people, the popular initiative is set up as pivotal element of the balance between participatory impulses and representative bodies. Unfortunately, the failure of citizens' initiatives would be more attributed to the lack of uniform regulations, of inconsistent provisions and not coordinated with each other, and of well-defined requirements and constraints in chief to bodies which through their work ensure the effectiveness of citizens’ participation in decision-making processes. In this perspective, firstly, the paper presents the mechanism of popular initiative in the Italian legal system that find greater expression with the new constitutional reform. Secondly, it highlights the differences that have marked the two statutory generations from the point of view of popular participation in the regional legislative processes, and it will compare the normative structure of popular initiative in the Italian subnational reality.
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