Access to rights through relations: Older home care clients’ experiences in Finland

Anna Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen; Hanna Ristolainen; Mervi Issakainen; Elisa Tiilikainen

doi:10.35295/osls.iisl.2635

Autores/as

Anna Mäki-Petäjä-Leinonen University of Eastern Finland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7142-3498
Hanna Ristolainen University of Eastern Finland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-1010
Mervi Issakainen University of Eastern Finland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7471-2148
Elisa Tiilikainen University of Eastern Finland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-6036

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.2635

Palabras clave:

Personas mayores, asistencia a domicilio, acceso a los servicios, derechos relacionales

Resumen

Este estudio analiza cómo las personas mayores que reciben asistencia a domicilio en Finlandia hacen valer sus derechos a través de las relaciones a nivel micro, meso y macro. Basándose en un diseño de métodos mixtos que combina datos de encuestas y entrevistas cualitativas con personas mayores que reciben asistencia a domicilio, examina cómo las relaciones interpersonales, institucionales y sociales determinan y condicionan los derechos legales. Aunque muchas personas mayores afirman recibir una atención adecuada, una minoría notable experimenta necesidades insatisfechas, una influencia limitada sobre su atención y aislamiento social. A nivel micro, los familiares suelen ayudar a las personas mayores a orientarse en los servicios, lo que refleja tanto las expectativas de apoyo familiar como las carencias en la prestación formal. Aquellas personas que carecen de vínculos cercanos son especialmente vulnerables. A nivel meso, los encuentros con los profesionales varían, y las presiones de tiempo y la escasez de personal limitan las oportunidades de una interacción respetuosa y centrada en la persona. A nivel macro, las opiniones sociales sobre el envejecimiento y las oportunidades de participación disponibles determinan el sentido de pertenencia de las personas mayores. En general, el acceso a los derechos en la atención domiciliaria es relacional y requiere políticas de apoyo, recursos suficientes y prácticas cotidianas que fomenten relaciones estables y respetuosas.

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