Revealing criminal motives

Legal cognition between science, rhetoric and criminology

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.2312

Palabras clave:

motivos delictivos, responsabilidad penal, intención, ciencia criminal, retórica forense, criminología

Resumen

Si el delito es la traición más reprensible a los vínculos y expectativas sociales y, por lo tanto, merece la sanción legal más severa (pena), la evaluación de la responsabilidad penal debe ser excepcionalmente precisa. En el juicio, los juristas deben evaluar no solo la dimensión racional de la conducta, tal y como se expresa a través de la intención (presunta) del acusado, sino que también deben abordar y, en la medida de lo posible, revelar los motivos subyacentes del acusado, por muy “irracionales” que puedan parecer, ya que surgen de emociones, sentimientos, pasiones y estados de ánimo. Al hacerlo, los juristas deben ser conscientes de que dichos motivos se comprenden a través de la interacción entre las conceptualizaciones proporcionadas por el derecho penal, elaboradas y sistematizadas por la doctrina jurídica en forma de ciencia penal, y el conjunto de argumentos descubiertos, desarrollados y discutidos por la retórica forense sobre la base del sentido común, filtrados y organizados a través de un enfoque criminológico basado en los tipos penales. Sin embargo, en lo que aquí más interesa, estos motivos “irracionales” —complementarios a la intención racional abordada en primer lugar en el juicio— dejan especialmente claro cómo la aplicación del derecho penal se basa en última instancia en formas de conocimiento social que, de otro modo, permanecerían implícitas, precisamente tal y como las transmiten la ciencia penal, la retórica forense y la criminología.

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Publicado

01-04-2026

Cómo citar

Velo Dalbrenta, D. (2026) «Revealing criminal motives: Legal cognition between science, rhetoric and criminology», Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 16(2), pp. 663–679. doi: 10.35295/osls.iisl.2312.