Towards an epistemological decolonization of legal pluralism
The case of Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.2157Palabras clave:
descolonización, Indonesia, derecho consuetudinario, pluralismo jurídico, minorías permanentesResumen
En este artículo se examina la relevancia del argumento del académico descolonial Mahmood Mamdani sobre la influencia que siguen teniendo las construcciones coloniales de minorías permanentes en los Estados poscoloniales para el análisis de las dimensiones sociopolíticas del pluralismo jurídico basado en la cultura y la religión en Indonesia. El centralismo autoritario, unido a las políticas estatales extractivistas, motivó a los activistas indonesios, desde mediados de la década de 1980, a revitalizar las construcciones coloniales de comunidades nativas de derecho consuetudinario diferenciadas y sus respectivos bienes comunes. La caída del régimen de Suharto en 1998 y el consiguiente proceso de descentralización y democratización, apoyado por las instituciones de Breton Woods, brindaron por fin la oportunidad de impulsar con éxito una mayor adaptación jurídica de las normas e instituciones consuetudinarias locales, lo cual ha ido en paralelo a la creciente adaptación jurídica de la sharía, dando un impulso a la antigua oposición entre el derecho consuetudinario y el islámico en Indonesia, que hunde sus raíces en el pasado colonial. Estos acontecimientos justifican una reevaluación decolonial de los fundamentos epistemológicos del pluralismo jurídico colonial.
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