Coping with the undesired consequences of jury reform
How does the Russian criminal justice system control an acquittals spike over the reform 2018-2020?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1268Palabras clave:
sistema de justicia penal ruso, reforma del jurado, modelo de control de la delincuencia, estrategias de prevención de absolucionesResumen
El desarrollo histórico del sistema de justicia penal soviético-ruso muestra que hay una actitud negativa permanente hacia las absoluciones entre las fuerzas del orden de Rusia. Cada período de aumento de la tasa de absolución es escrupulosamente vigilado y controlado. En la actualidad, el aumento de las absoluciones en la Rusia moderna se produce en virtud de la Reforma del Jurado, que ha ampliado el juicio con jurado al nivel de los Tribunales de Distrito. A partir de datos cualitativos procedentes de la observación de juicios con jurado, este trabajo explora el conjunto de estrategias y tácticas que el Sistema de Justicia Penal despliega para aumentar las posibilidades de alcanzar un veredicto de culpabilidad por parte del jurado. Las estrategias más utilizadas son la manipulación en la comunicación, la “recursividad” del juicio, la aceleración del juicio y el aprendizaje del sistema. La base teórica de la investigación reconoce la teoría de los sistemas sociales autopoiéticos de N. Luhmann y el Modelo de Control del Crimen de H. Packer.
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