The best interests of the child in “mixed” couples’ divorce in Belgium and the Netherlands
Filipino mothers’ socio-legal encounters about their children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1180Palabras clave:
encuentros sociojurídicos, interés superior del menor, parejas mixtas, mujeres filipinas migrantes, Bélgica, Países BajosResumen
Los estudios sobre separaciones matrimoniales de “parejas mixtas” cuyos miembros son de diferentes nacionalidades y/o etnias prestan poca atención a cómo cada miembro, sobre todo aquél con una historia de migración, experimenta las leyes y las instituciones que afectan a sus hijos. Partiendo de observaciones etnográficas y entrevistas a mujeres filipinas en Bélgica y Países Bajos, este artículo investiga las experiencias de estas migrantes socio-jurídicas para arrojar luz sobre la situación de sus hijos durante el proceso de divorcio. Al prestar atención al principio del “interés superior del menor”, el análisis de datos revela que los hijos de mujeres con divorcios conflictivos y/o violencia doméstica tienen encuentros más directos con las leyes y/o las instituciones que aquéllos cuyos padres tuvieron una separación amistosa. Igualmente, los jóvenes cuyos padres o padre/madre recurrieron a la asistencia socio-jurídica en su país de residencia están más expuestos a los aspectos jurídicos del divorcio. Este estudio de caso subraya la dimensión intersubjetiva del divorcio y sugiere que las políticas estatales modelan las vidas de las personas.
Descargas
Metrics
Downloads:
PDF (English) 570
XML (English) 714
Citas
Abrego, L.J., 2011. Legal consciousness of undocumented Latinos: Fear and stigma as barriers to claims-making for first- and 1.5-generation immigrants. Law & Society Review [online], 45(2), 337–370. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5893.2011.00435.x [Access 13 January 2021].
Adams, B.N., 2004. Families and family study in international perspective. Journal of Marriage and Family [online], 66(5), 1076–1088. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00079.x [Access 13 January 2021].
Allerton, C., 2014. Statelessness and the lives of the children of migrants in Sabah, East Malaysia. Tilburg Law Review: Journal of International and European Law, 19(1–2), 26–34.
Amato, P.R., 2001. Children of divorce in the 1990s: An update of the Amato and Keith (1991) meta-analysis. Journal of Family Psychology [online], 15(3), 355–370. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.15.3.355 [Access 13 January 2021].
Amato, P.R., 2010. Research on divorce: continuing trends and new developments. Journal of Marriage and Family [online], 72(3), 650–666. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00723.x [Access 13 January 2021].
Amato, P.R., and Keith. B., 1991. Parental divorce and the well-being of children: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin [online], 110(1), 26–46. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.26 [Access 13 January 2021].
Asis, M.M.B., 2006. Living with migration: Experiences of left-behind children in the Philippines. Asian Population Studies [online], 2(1), 45–67. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730600700556 [Access 13 January 2021].
Bawin-Legros, B., and Gauthier, A., 2001. Regulation of intimacy and love semantics in couples living apart together. International Review of Sociology [online], 11(1), 39–46. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/03906700020030983 [Access 13 January 2021].
Blogie, E., 2014. Pensions alimentaires: Un droit difficile à faire valoir. Le Soir [online], 29 August. Available from: https://www.lesoir.be/art/640110/article/actualite/belgique/2014-08-29/pensions-alimentaires-un-droit-difficile-faire-valoir [Access 13 January 2021].
Blom, J.C.H., and Lamberts, E., 2006. The History of the Low Countries. Trans.: J. C. Kennedy. New York/Oxford: Berghahn.
Breger, R., and Hill, R., eds., 1998. Cross-Cultural Marriages. Oxford/New York: Berg.
Chesler, P., 2011. Mothers on Trial: The Battle for Children and Custody. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books.
Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO), 2014. Stock estimate of overseas Filipinos as of Dec. 2013 [online]. Manila: CFO. Available from: https://cfo.gov.ph/yearly-stock-estimation-of-overseas-filipinos/ [Access 13 January 2021].
Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO), 2019. Number of Filipino spouses and other partners of foreign nationals by sex: 1989–2018 [online]. Manila: CFO. Available from: https://cfo.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/statistics/FS/FS-1989-2018-by-SEX.xlsx [Access 13 January 2021].
De Hart, B., and Besselsen, E., 2020. “Everything went according to the rules”. Female citizen sponsors’ legal consciousness, intimate citizenship and family migration law. Identities [online], published online 16 February. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/1070289X.2020.1723310 [Access 13 January 2021].
de Winter, J., and Spranger, A., 2012. Partner alimony less common, but higher amounts paid. Statistics Netherlands [online], 31 October. Available from: https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/news/2012/44/partner-alimony-less-common-but-higher-amounts-paid [Access 13 January 2021].
Dreby, J., 2012. The burden of deportation on children in Mexican immigrant families. Journal of Marriage and Family [online], 74(4), 829–845. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2012.00989.x [Access 13 January 2021].
Erel, U., Reynolds, T., and Kaptani, E., 2018. Migrant mothers’ creative interventions into racialized citizenship. Ethnic and Racial Studies [online], 41(1), 55–72. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2017.1317825 [Access 13 January 2021].
European Justice, 2020a. Créances alimentaires – Belgique [online]. Last updated 17 December. Available from: https://e-justice.europa.eu/content_maintenance_claims-47-be-maximizeMS_EJN-fr.do?member=1 [Access 13 January 2021].
European Justice, 2020b. Divorce – Netherlands [online]. Last updated 11 December. Available from: https://e-justice.europa.eu/content_divorce-45-nl-maximizeMS_EJN-en.do [Access 13 January 2021].
Fresnoza-Flot, A., 2015. The Bumpy Landscape of Family Reunification: Experiences of First and 1.5-generation Filipinos in France. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies [online], 41(7), 1152–1171. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2014.956711 [Access 13 January 2021].
Fresnoza-Flot, A., 2018a. Raising citizens in “mixed” family setting: Mothering techniques of Filipino and Thai migrants in Belgium. Citizenship studies [online], 22(3), 278–293. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2018.1449807 [Access 13 January 2021].
Fresnoza-Flot, A., 2018b. Rethinking children’s place(s) in transnational families: Mobile childhoods in Filipino international migration. In: V. Ducu, M. Nedelcu and A. Telegdi-Csetri, eds., Childhood and Parenting in Transnational Settings. Cham: Springer, 11–24.
Fresnoza-Flot, A., 2018c. Social citizenship and divorce: Filipino migrant women (un)claiming social rights in the Netherlands and in Belgium. Nijmegen Migration Law Working Papers, series nº. 2018/01.
Fresnoza-Flot, A., 2019. Interacting legal norms and cross-border divorce: Stories of Filipino migrant women in the Netherlands. Migration Letters [online], 16(4), 521–529. Available from: https://doi.org/10.33182/ml.v16i4.669 [Access 13 January 2021].
Fresnoza-Flot, A., and Ricordeau, G., eds., 2017. International Marriages and Marital Citizenship: Southeast Asian Women on the Move. Abingdon/New York: Routledge.
Hegar, R.L., and Greif, G.L., 1991. Parental kidnapping across international borders. International Social Work [online], 34, 353–363. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/002087289103400404 [Access 13 January 2021].
Hegar, R.L., and Greif, G.L., 1994. Parental abduction of children from interracial and cross-cultural marriages. Journal of Comparative Family Studies [online], 25(1), 135–142. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.25.1.135 [Access 13 January 2021].
Horton, S., 2009. A mother’s heart is weighed down with stones: A phenomenological approach to the experience of transnational motherhood. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry [online], 33(1), 21–40. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-008-9117-z [Access 13 January 2021].
Hubeau, B., and Terlouw, A., 2014. Legal aid and access to justice: How to look at and evaluate legal aid systems. In: B. Hubeau and A. Terlouw, eds., Legal Aid in the Low Countries. Cambridge: Intersentia, 3–15.
James, A., and James, A.L., 2004. Constructing Childhood: Theory, Policy and Social Practice. Basingstoke/New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kaganas, F., and Sclater, S.D., 2004. Contact disputes: narrative constructions of “good” parents. Feminist Legal Studies [online], 12(1), 1–27. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:FEST.0000026077.03989.70 [Access 13 January 2021].
Kelly, J.B., 2007. Children’s living arrangements following separation and divorce: Insights from empirical and clinical research. Family Process [online], 46(1), 35–52. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2006.00190.x [Access 13 January 2021].
Kim, D.S., 2010. The rise of cross-border marriage and divorce in contemporary Korea. In: W.S. Yang and M.C.W. Lu, eds., Asian Cross-Border Marriage Migration: Demographic Patterns and Social Issues. Amsterdam University Press, 127–153.
Kruk, E., and Hall, B.L., 1995. The disengagement of paternal grandparents subsequent to divorce. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage [online], 23(1–2), 131–148. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1300/J087v23n01_09 [Access 13 January 2021].
Lussier, G., et al., 2002. Support across two generations: children’s closeness to grandparents following parental divorce and remarriage. Journal of Family Psychology [online], 16(3), 363–376. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.16.3.363 [Access 13 January 2021].
Macedo, S., 2015. Just Married: Same-Sex Couples, Monogamy, and the Future of Marriage. Princeton University Press.
Manalansan, M.F. IV, 2006. Queer intersections: Sexuality and gender in migration studies. International Migration Review [online], 40(1), 224–249. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2006.00009.x [Access 13 January 2021].
Mand, K., 2005. Marriage and migration through the life course experiences of widowhood, separation and divorce amongst transnational Sikh women. Indian Journal of Gender Studies [online], 12(2–3), 407–425. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/097152150501200211 [Access 13 January 2021].
Mazzucato, V., and Schans, J., 2011. Transnational families and the well-being of children: Conceptual and methodological challenges. Journal of Marriage and Family [online], 73(4), 704–712. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2011.00840.x [Access 13 January 2021].
Moreau, T., 2015. Préambule : L'évolution du concept d'intérêt du mineur sur le plan juridique. In : J. Marquet and L. Merla, eds., L’intérêt supérieur de l’Enfant dans la Mosaïque familiale : Ce que Cela Signifie pour les Enfants. Rapport final. Louvain-la-Neuve: CIRFASE, CIDE and CeFAP, 6–18.
Morewitz, S., 2019. Kidnapping and Violence: New Research and Clinical Perspectives. New York: Springer.
Municio-Larsson, I., and Pujol Algans, C., 2002. Making sense of fatherhood: The non-payment of child support in Spain. In: B. Hobson, ed., Making Men into Fathers: Men, Masculinities and the Social Politics of Fatherhood. Cambridge University Press, 191–212.
Nelson, T.J., 2004. Low-income fathers. Annual Review of Sociology [online], 30, 427–451. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.095947 [Access 13 January 2021].
Noël, L., 2016. Aperçus du Non-Recours aux Droits sociaux et de la Sous-Protection sociale en Région bruxelloise. Rapport bruxellois sur l’État de la Pauvreté 2016 [online]. Brussels: Observatoire de la Santé et du Social de Bruxelles-Capitale. Available from: https://www.ccc-ggc.brussels/sites/default/files/documents/graphics/rapport-pauvrete/rapport_thema_fr_2016.pdf [Access 13 January 2021].
Oostrom, L., Sterk, M., and Goedhuys, M., 2012. Rapport Monitoring Kinderalimentatie [online]. The Hague: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. Available from: https://www.cbs.nl/-/media/imported/documents/2012/47/121122-monitoring-kinderalimentatie-rapport.pdf?la=en-gb [Access 13 January 2021].
Pande, A., 2017. Mobile masculinities: Migrant Bangladeshi men in South Africa. Gender & Society [online], 31(3), 383–406. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243217702825 [Access 13 January 2021].
Parreñas, R.S., 2005. Children of Global Migration: Transnational Families and Gendered Woes. Stanford University Press.
Piper, N., 2000. Globalization, gender and migration: The case of international marriage in Japan. In: J. Cook, J. Roberts and G. Waylen, eds., Towards a Gendered Political Economy. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 205–225.
Pound, R., 1910. Law in books and law in action. American Law Review, 44, 12–34.
Quah, E.L.S., 2017. Rethinking intimacies in transnational divorces: the case of Singaporean transnational divorce biographies. Presentation in the conference Transnational families and divorce: revisiting marital break-up in times of global (im)mobilities, 27–28 September.
Quah, E.L.S., 2018. Emotional reflexivity and emotion work in transnational divorce biographies. Emotion, Space and Society [online], 29, 48–54. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emospa.2018.09.001 [Access 13 January 2021].
Samson, M., 2016. Parental kidnapping: An epidemic that is escalating. Cardozo Journal of Law & Gender, 23, 309–338.
Schnitzer-Reese, E.A., 2004. International child abduction to non-Hague Convention countries: The need for an international family court. Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights [online], 2(1), 2–19. Available from: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=njihr [Access 13 January 2021].
Silberman, L.J., 2008. Rethinking rules of conflict of laws in marriage and divorce in the United States: What can we learn from Europe. Tulane Law Review, 82, 1999–2019.
Singh, K., 2008. Child custody cases in the context of international migration. In: R. Palriwala and P. Uberoi, eds., Marriage, Migration and Gender. New Delhi: Sage, 326–347.
Singla, R., 2015. Intermarriage and Mixed Parenting, Promoting Mental Health and Wellbeing: Crossover Love. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Solis, J., 2003. Re-thinking illegality as a violence against, not by Mexican immigrants, children, and youth. Journal of Social Issues [online], 59(1), 15–31. Available from: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/1540-4560.00002 [Access 13 January 2021].
Sportel, I., 2016. Divorce in Transnational Families: Marriage, Migration and Family Law. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Statistics Netherlands (CBS), 2015. More and more underage children live with one parent [online]. 27 March. The Hague/Heerlen/Bonaire: Statistics Netherlands. Available from: https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/news/2015/13/more-and-more-underage-children-live-with-one-parent [Access 13 January 2021].
Strasser, E., et al., 2009. Doing family. The History of the Family [online], 14(2), 165–176. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hisfam.2009.02.005 [Access 13 January 2021].
Suzuki, N., 2003. Transgressing “victims”: Reading narratives of “Filipina brides” in Japan. Critical Asian Studies [online], 35(3), 399–420. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/1467271032000109908 [Access 13 January 2021].
Thomson, R., et al., 2002. Critical moments: Choice, chance and opportunity in young people’s narratives of transition. Sociology [online], 36(2), 335–354. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038502036002006 [Access 13 January 2021].
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2021 Asuncion Fresnoza-Flot
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores conservan el copyright de sus trabajos, que se publicarán en OSLS bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento NoComercial SinObraDerivada. Puede consultar más detalles en: http://es.creativecommons.org/licencia/. Si no está de acuerdo con esta licencia, por favor, póngase en contacto con nosotros.
El autor concede los permisos necesarios para difundir la información bibliográfica del artículo, incluyendo el resumen, y autorizar a otros, incluyendo las bases de datos bibliográficas, de índices y servicios de alerta de contenidos, a copiar y comunicar esta información.
Para más información sobre los permisos para distribuir su artículo en cada fase de la producción, por favor, lea nuestra Política de Autoarchivo y Divulgación (en inglés).
Las condiciones de copyright con el nombre de autores y co-autores, y la licencia Creative Commons se mostrarán en el artículo. Estas condiciones se deben aceptar como parte del proceso de envío de un artículo a la revista. Por favor, asegúrese de que todos los co-autores se mencionan correctamente, y que entienden y aceptan estos términos.
