State Amends for Lawful Harm Doing
Keywords:
Lawful harm, apology, amends, responding to wrongdoing, Perjuicio legal, disculpas, compensaciones, respuestas a una mala conductaAbstract
This essay explores the justifications for offering amends to victims of lawfully caused harm and the nature of amends in such contexts. In particular, we examine instances in which a state actor commits a grave, but lawful, harm to another, exploring why and how the state ought to respond to victims of lawful harm. This aspect of harm doing is often overlooked, but directly addressing the lawful harm that states cause is a vital part of an appropriate state response to having caused grave, though lawful, harm. First, we explore some general reasons why making amends is a morally appropriate response to lawful harm doing. Second, having justified why states ought to respond to the lawful harm they create, we move to outline a set of appropriate responses. These responses are grounded in the empirical literature on amends and apology and satisfy a number of the moral reasons it may be appropriate for states to offer amends. We offer some specific suggestions for managing amends in the military and police settings, though the basic elements of our proposal might also help inform response to the wider spectrum of lawful harms imposed by the state.
Este ensayo analiza las justificaciones para ofrecer una compensación a víctimas de daños legales y la naturaleza de las compensaciones en estos contextos. En particular, se exploran las instancias en las que un actor estatal comete un perjuicio grave, pero legal, analizando por qué y cómo debería responder el Estado a las víctimas de perjuicio legal. A menudo se obvia este aspecto de los perjuicios causados, pero abordar directamente el perjuicio legal provocado por el Estado es fundamental para que los Estados den una respuesta adecuada a los daños graves, aunque legales, causados. En primer lugar, se analizan razones generales por las que compensar es una respuesta moralmente apropiada a los daños legales causados. En segundo lugar, tras justificar que el Estado debería responder del perjuicio legal que ha causado, se esbozan una serie de respuestas apropiadas. Estas respuestas se basan en la literatura empírica sobre compensaciones y disculpas, y satisfacen un número de razones morales que podrían ser apropiadas para que los Estados ofrezcan compensaciones. Se ofrecen algunas sugerencias específicas para gestionar las compensaciones en el ámbito militar y policial, aunque los elementos básicos de esta propuesta podrían ayudar a dar una respuesta a otros ámbitos más amplios de daños legales causados por el Estado.
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