Judicial Performance and Experiences of Judicial Work: Findings from Socio-legal Research
Keywords:
Judicial performance evaluation, judicial work, Australian judiciary, judges and magistrates, Evaluación del rendimiento judicial, trabajo judicial, magistratura australiana, jueces y magistradosAbstract
Judicial performance evaluation processes and programs tend to imply an abstract, normative model of the proper judge. The focus is on the individual judicial officer, identifying how judges ought to perform their judicial work and assessing any departures from the model. However, there is considerable diversity in judging which abstract models of JPE may not anticipate. Importantly, judicial performance occurs within a context – the practical and natural settings in which every day judicial work is undertaken. This entails time constraints, workload patterns, and dependence on the activities of others, factors over which the judicial officer may have little control, but which in turn may affect his/her behaviour. Often, judicial performance is taken to refer to in-court work only. Judicial work also occurs outside court and outside regular court hours and so may be less visible for judicial performance evaluation. Although there is considerable variety in judicial experiences of judging, JPE only sometimes includes self-perceptions or judges’ own reflections on their work. Social science and socio-legal research, including original empirical data from Australia, investigates judging in various contexts and explores judicial officers’ experiences of their work. Such empirical research can widen understandings of judicial performance and evaluation.
Los procesos y programas de evaluación del rendimiento judicial tienden a implicar un modelo normativo abstracto del juez competente. La atención se centra en el funcionario judicial individual, identificando cómo deben realizar su labor los jueces y determinando cualquier desviación respecto al modelo. Sin embargo, a la hora de juzgar, existe una gran diversidad que los modelos abstractos de evaluación del rendimiento judicial no pueden anticipar. Es importante destacar que el desempeño judicial se produce en un contexto – el marco práctico y natural en el que se desarrolla cada día la labor judicial. Esto conlleva falta de tiempo, patrones de carga de trabajo y dependencia de actividades desempeñadas por otros, factores sobre los que el funcionario judicial puede tener poco control, pero que, a su vez, puede afectar a su comportamiento. A menudo, se entiende por desempeño judicial únicamente el trabajo desarrollado en la sala. El trabajo judicial también se produce fuera de la sala y fuera de las horas regulares del tribunal, por lo que puede ser menos visible para la evaluación del rendimiento judicial. Aunque existe una gran variedad de experiencias judiciales a la hora de juzgar, la evaluación del rendimiento judicial sólo incluye en contadas ocasiones las percepciones o las reflexiones sobre su trabajo de los propios jueces. Las ciencias sociales y la investigación socio-jurídica, incluyendo datos empíricos originales de Australia, investigan el hecho de juzgar en diversos contextos y explora las experiencias laborales de los funcionarios judiciales. Esta investigación empírica puede contribuir a ampliar la comprensión del rendimiento y evaluación judicial.
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