Double normalization: When procedural law is made digital

Francesco Contini; Dory Reiling

doi:10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1305

Authors

Francesco Contini National Research Council of Italy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-3122
Dory Reiling Retired senior judge at the Amsterdam District Court https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-3122

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1305

Keywords:

e-justice, law and technology, fair trial, judicial reform

Abstract

The comparison of three e-justice platforms (EJP) leads to the identification of a common dynamic – called double normalization – which makes EJP development an institutional and constitutional issue, not just a functional one. The case study analysis of Trial on Line in Italy, e-Curia (Court of Justice of the European Union) and Kwaliteit en Innovatie rechtspraak in the Netherlands shows how EJPs, establishing the working environment for judges, lawyers, and clerks, create more powerful constraints than those provided by the law. The normalization carried out by legal standards to make judicial procedures predictable and homogeneous and grant equal treatment is supplemented by the digital working environment. Hence technology provides an additional layer of normalization, steering the behaviour of judges in predetermined directions and inhibiting other action pathways. The process challenges the right of the judge to interpret procedural law and require appropriate judicial governance mechanisms to safeguard fair trial.

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Author Biographies

Francesco Contini, National Research Council of Italy

Francesco Contini is a senior researcher at the National Research Council of Italy, Institute on Legal Informatics and Judicial Systems, where he coordinates the research area “Quality and assessment of justice systems”. He studies the institutional transformations of European judiciaries with focuses e-justice, case management and performance evaluation. He is the principal investigator of the research project Handle with care: assessing and designing methods for the evaluation and development of the quality of justice, co-financed by the European Commission.

Francesco has written various articles and books on various judicial reform topics, among which “Judicial Evaluation” with Richard Mohr (VDM 2008), ‘ICT and innovation in the public sector’ (Palgrave 2009) and “The Circulation of Agency in e-Justice” (Springer 2014) both edited with Giovan Francesco Lanzara. He has collaborated with several international organisations promoting judicial reform in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Selected publications are available at https://cnr-it.academia.edu/FrancescoContini

Email address: francesco.contini@cnr.it

Dory Reiling, Retired senior judge at the Amsterdam District Court

Hon. A.D. (Dory) Reiling Ph.D. Mag.Iur. (1950) was a senior judge of the Amsterdam District Court until she retired in 2018. Formerly a senior judicial reform specialist at the World Bank and IT program manager for the Netherlands judiciary, she was actively involved in designing and building digital procedures for the civil courts in the Netherlands.
She regularly lectures on court IT and AI and works on IT with judiciaries around the world. She acted as an expert for CCJE, CEPEJ, the Netherlands Parliament, UNODC, Amnesty, and EU High Level expert group on AI. She is on the editorial boards of the International Journal for Court Administration and of Computerrecht.
Her publications are on www.doryreiling.com, her tweets on www.twitter.com/doryontour and her Technology for Justice blog on www.doryreiling.blogspot.nl.

Email address: dory.reiling@gmail.com

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