Derechos Humanos y Penas Radicales: ¿Crítica o Justificación? La Recepción del Derecho Internacional Humanitario en el Código Penal Colombiano (Human Rights and Radical Punishment: Criticism or Justification?The Reception of International Humanitarian...)
Keywords:
Human Rights, IHL, Punishment, Derechos Humanos, DIH, PenasAbstract
This article discusses the relationship between human rights and criminal law, focusing on the matter of the penalties enshrined in the criminal laws. Through the conceptualization of radical punishment this paper seeks to observe those penalties involving a fundamental contradiction with the positive values that a society in general and particularly the criminal law system seeks to safeguard through punishment, and that are at the same time radically indifferent to the right to (biological and social) life of the individual responsible for a crime. In this regard, the paper offers some considerations on how to reconstitute the criminal law to suit human rights’ values while maintaining a critical attitude of the latter rather than a justificatory approach. In this line of thought, the article focuses on the reception of the International Humanitarian Law (IHL) in the Colombian Penal Code reflecting on the operation of radical punishment before punitive scales as well as the jus philosophical fundament.
Este artículo aborda la relación entre los derechos humanos y el derecho punitivo, centrándose en el aspecto de las penas consagradas en el ordenamiento penal. A través de la conceptualización de las penas radicales este trabajo busca observar aquellas penas que están en contradicción fundamental con los valores positivos que la sociedad en general y, particularmente, el sistema de derecho criminal, pretende salvaguardar a través de la punición, y que son radicalmente indiferentes al derecho a la vida (biológica y social) del individuo declarado responsable por un delito. En este sentido se trazan algunas reflexiones sobre cómo reconstituir el derecho penal para adecuarlo a los valores propios de los derechos humanos, conservando una aptitud crítica antes que justificativa de estos últimos. Atendiendo a esta reflexión, el presente artículo estudia la recepción del Derecho Internacional Humanitario (DIH) en el Código Penal colombiano a través de un estudio de las escalas punitivas así como del sustento iusfilosófico de las mismas, para reflexionar sobre la operación de las penas radicales frente a la legislación.
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