Respuestas Judiciales a la Violencia de Género: el Derecho como Discurso y Práctica Sociales (Judicial Responses to Gender-based Violence: The Law as Discourse and Social Practice)
Keywords:
Gender violence, Legal decisions, Legal discourse,Abstract
Usually the studies on the legal system are limited to normative or jurisprudential analysis. However, long time ago, we know that to understand to the law needs to know its meanings, its previous values and also its speeches and practices; this is, to understand it like a social phenomenon. Social phenomenon that involves and expresses much more than a set of rules. This is an idea that not only comes from the Sociology of Law, but the feminist legal theories have incorporated too.
Within this theoretical framework, the law can be understood as a powerful social discourse that gives meaning to the behavior of men and women. So, the social construction of roles, social positions and the relationship between the genres, can be best understood if it considers the contribution offered by the laws, institutions, systems, and also speeches and speaking of judges through their sentences.
As well, and within this context of ideas, this work aims to understand and analyze how it is constructed and expresses from the voice of the judges themselves, the social phenomenon of gender violence; his speeches, his conceptualizations, its legitimacy; by means of the analysis of the judgments in which they express their own voice.
Generalmente los estudios sobre el sistema jurídico entre los/las juristas, suelen limitarse al análisis normativo o jurisprudencial. Sin embargo, hace ya mucho tiempo que sabemos que comprender al Derecho requiere conocer sus significados, sus valores precedentes y también sus discursos y prácticas; esto es, entenderlo como un fenómeno social. Fenómeno social que implica y expresa mucho más que un conjunto de normas. Esta es una idea que no sólo proviene de la Sociología del Derecho, sino que las teorías jurídicas feministas han incorporada claramente.
Es dentro de este marco teórico que, en sus relaciones con el género, el Derecho puede ser entendido como un poderoso discurso social que dota de sentido a las conductas de varones y mujeres. De forma que, la construcción social de los roles, las posiciones correspondientes y la relación de los géneros en sí, no pueden comprenderse cabalmente si no se considera la contribución que brindan a estos efectos no sólo las leyes, sino también las instituciones, los sistemas, y también los discursos y el hablar de los jueces a través de sus sentencias.
Así, y dentro de este contexto de ideas, este trabajo se propone comprender y analizar cómo se construye y expresa desde la voz de los propios jueces, el fenómeno social de la violencia de género; sus discursos, sus conceptualizaciones, su legitimación; mediante el análisis de las propias sentencias en las que emiten su propia voz.
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