Doing the right thing

Young people’s legal consciousness and pandemic risk management

Authors

  • Isabella Quadrelli University of Urbino Carlo Bo
  • Anna Uboldi Bocconi University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1992

Keywords:

legal consciousness, everyday morality, risk management, SARS-Cov-2 Pandemic, young people

Abstract

The study explores the legal consciousness of young people in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, concerning the management of personal relationships vis-à-vis the legal regulation enacted by the Italian government. We aim to account for the forms of legality that have granted to sustain, criticize, engage, and resist the law, and to understand the mechanisms that contributed to shaping specific experiences of legality. We refer to a theoretical framework based on legal consciousness, the Neo-Bourdieusian approach to moral judgment and Douglas’s theory of risks. Based on the analysis of 70 narratives, our findings show different ways of experiencing the law by young people. Different recurring narratives can be identified: individual translation, trust in procedure, fatalistic claims, and cooperative criticism. These narratives are not fixed attributes of individuals but recurring repertoires of perceptions and practices that emerge from specific interaction contexts where pre-reflective dispositions and conscious deliberation intersect.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

        Metrics

Views 172
Downloads:
14(4)_Quadrelli_Uboldi_OSLS 281
XML_14(4)_Quadrelli_Uboldi_OSLS 6


Author Biographies

Isabella Quadrelli, University of Urbino Carlo Bo

Associate professor of Sociology of law, Department of Economics, Society, Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo. Via Saffi, 15 – Urbino 61129 Italy. Email: Isabella.quadrelli@uniurb.it

Anna Uboldi, Bocconi University

Researcher in Sociology, Department of Political and Social Sciences, Bocconi University. Via Roentgen, 1 Milan 20136 Italy. Email: anna.uboldi@unibocconi.it

 

 

References

Abrego, L.J., 2019. Relational Legal Consciousness of U.S. Citizenship: Privilege, Responsibility, Guilt, and Love in Latino Mixed-Status Families. Law & Society Review [online], 53(3), 641–670. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12414 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12414

Adams, M., 2016. Hybridizing Habitus and Reflexivity. Sociology [online], 40(3), 511–528. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/003803850663672 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/003803850663672

Alexander, J.C., 1996. Social Science and Salvation: Risk Society as Mythical Discourse. Zeitschrift für Soziologie [online], 25(4), 251–262. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-1996-0401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-1996-0401

Alsarrani, A., et al., 2022. Association between friendship quality and subjective wellbeing among adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Public Health [online], 22(2420). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14776-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14776-4

Archer, L., Hollingworth, S., and Halsall, A., 2007. “University’s not for me—I’m a Nike person”. Sociology [online], 41(2), 219–237. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038507074798 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038507074798

Berrey, E., and Nielsen, L.B., 2007. Rights of Inclusion: Integrating Identity at the Bottom of the Dispute Pyramid. Law & Social Inquiry [online], 32(1), 233–260. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2007.00057.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2007.00057.x

Blatterer, H., 2015. Everyday Friendships: Intimacy as Freedom in a Complex World [online]. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137316400 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137316400

Bourdieu, P. (with R. Nice, trans., ed.), 1984. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Bourdieu, P., 1986. The forms of capital. In: J. Richardson, ed., Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. Westport: Greenwood, 241–258.

Bourdieu, P., 1998. Practical Reason. On the Theory of Action. Stanford University Press.

Bourdieu, P., and Passeron, J.C. (with R. Nice, trans., ed.), 1970. The Inheritors: French Students and Their Relations to Culture. University of Chicago Press.

Boute, V., et al., 2007. The Importance of Friends: Friendship and Adjustment Among 1st-Year University Students. Journal of Adolescent Research [online], 22(6), 665–689. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558407306344 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558407306344

Caulkins, D., 1999. Is Mary Douglas’s Grid/Group Analysis Useful for Cross-Cultural Research? Cross-Cultural Research [online], 33(1), 108–128. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/106939719903300107 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/106939719903300107

Charlesworth, S.J., 2000. A phenomenology of working class experience [online]. Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511489419 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511489419

Chua, L.J., and Engel, D.M., 2019. Legal Consciousness Reconsidered. Annual Review of Law and Social Science [online], 15, 335–353. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-101518-042717 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-101518-042717

Cowan, D., 2004. Legal consciousness: some observations. Modern Law Review [online], 67(6), 928–958. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.2004.00518.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.2004.00518.x

De Keere, K., 2020. Finding the moral space. Poetics [online], 79. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2019.101415 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2019.101415

Docter, S.P., et al., 2011. Public perceptions of pandemic influenza resource allocation. Journal of Public Health Policy [online], 32(3), 350–36. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2010.49 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2010.49

Dolby, N., and Dimitriadis, G. (with P. Willis), 2004. Learning to Labor in New Times. London: Routledge Falmer.

Douglas, M., 1966. Purity and Danger. London: Routledge.

Douglas, M., 1970. Natural Symbols: Explorations in Cosmology. London: Barrie & Rockliff.

Douglas, M., 2007. A history of grid and group cultural theory. University of Toronto.

Douglas, M., and Wildavsky, A., 1982. Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technical and Environmental Dangers. Berkeley: University of California Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520907393

Edgerton, J.D., and Roberts, L.W., 2014. Cultural Capital or Habitus? Bourdieu and Beyond in the Explanation of Enduring Educational Inequality. Theory and Research in Education [online], 12(2), 193–220. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1477878514530231 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1477878514530231

Elder-Vass, D., 2007. Reconciling Archer and Bourdieu in an Emergentist Theory of Action. Sociological Theory [online], 27(4), 325–346. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2007.00312.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2007.00312.x

Ewick, P., and Silbey, S., 1998. The common place of law. Stories from everyday life. University of Chicago Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226212708.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226212708.001.0001

Ewick, P., and Silbey, S., 2020. Looking for Hegemony in All the Wrong Places. In: J. Přibáň, ed., Studies of Legal Consciousness. Research Handbook on the Sociology of Law. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 163–176.

Ferrari, V., 2022. Reflections on some major changes in socio-legal studies (1989–2020). Oñati Socio-Legal Series [online], 12(S1), S132–S143. Available at: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1288 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1288

Galli, C., 2020. The Ambivalent U.S. Context of Reception and the Dichotomous Legal Consciousness of Unaccompanied Minors. Social Problems [online], 67(4), 763–781. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spz041. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spz041

Gonzalez, G., 2023. Undocumented Consciousness: Citizenship and Illegality in the Lives of US Citizen Youth. Law & Policy [online], 45(1), 45–65. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/lapo.12207 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lapo.12207

Halliday, S., 2019. After Hegemony? The varieties of Legal Consciousness Research. Social & Legal Studies [online], 28(6), 859–878. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663919869739 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663919869739

Halliday, S., and Morgan, B., 2013. I Fought the Law and the Law Won? Current Legal Problems [online], 66(1), 1–32. Available at: https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2350262 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clp/cut002

Hertogh, M., 2018. Nobody’s law. Legal consciousness and legal alienation in everyday life. London: Palgrave MacMillan. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60397-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60397-5

Jarness, V., and Friedman, S., 2016. ‘I’m not a snob, but…’: class boundaries and the downplaying of difference. Poetics [online], 61, 14–25. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2016.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2016.11.001

Jenkins, R., 1992. Pierre Bourdieu. London: Routledge.

Juvonen, J., et al., 2022. Young Adult Adaptability to the Social Challenges of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Protective Role of Friendships. Journal of Youth Adolescence [online], 51, 585–597. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01573-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01573-w

Lareau, A., 2000. Home Advantage: Social Class and Parental Intervention in Elementary Education, Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield.

Lareau, A., and Weininger, E.B., 2003. Cultural capital in educational research: A critical assessment. Theory and society [online], 32, 567–606. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2589-0_6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RYSO.0000004951.04408.b0

Liu, Q., 2023. “Kill the Chicken to Scare the Monkey”. Law & Policy [online] 45(3), 292–310. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/lapo.12202 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lapo.12202

Lizardo, O., 2004. The Cognitive Origins of Bourdieu’s Habitus. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour [online], 34(4), 375–401. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.2004.00255.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.2004.00255.x

Lupton, D., 1999. Risk and sociocultural theory: new directions and perspectives. Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511520778 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511520778.001

Maleki, A., and Hendriks, F., 2015. Grid, group and Grade: Challenges in Operationalizing Cultural Theory for Cross-National Research. Cross-Cultural Research [online], 49(3), 250–280. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397114555843 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069397114555843

Maxwell, C., and Aggleton, P., eds., 2013. Privilege, Agency and Affect. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137292636 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137292636

McNeeley, S.M, and Lazrus, H., 2014. The Cultural Theory of Risk for Climate Change Adaptation. Weather, Climate, and Society [online], 6, 506–519. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00027.1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00027.1

Melissaris, E., 2004. The More the Merrier? A New Take on Legal Pluralism. Social & Legal Studies [online], 13(1), 57–79. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663904040192 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663904040192

Merry, S.E., 1988. Legal Pluralism. Law and Society Review, 22(5), 869–896. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/3053638 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3053638

Mouzelis, N., 2007. Habitus and Reflexivity: Restructuring Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice. Sociological Research Online [online], 12(6). Available at: https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.1449 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.1449

Nash, R., 2002. Numbers and Narratives: Further Reflections in the Sociology of Education. British Journal of Sociology of Education [online], 23(3), 397–412. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569022000015436 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569022000015436

Nielsen, L.B., 2000. Situating legal consciousness: experiences and attitudes of ordinary people about law and street harassment. Law & Society Review [online], 34(4), 1055–1090. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/3115131 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3115131

O’Rourke J., Harms, C., and Cohen L., 2019. They’re always there for me! Friendship and meaning in young people’s lives? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology [online], 60, 596–608. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12570 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12570

Ravaioli, P., 2002. Tra oggettivismo e soggettivismo. Problemi ed evoluzione della teoria sociale di Bourdieu. Rassegna italiana di sociologia [online], 43(3), 459–485. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1423/4583

Reay, D., 1995. “They Employ Cleaners to do that”. British Journal of Sociology of Education [online], 16(3), 353–371. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569950160305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569950160305

Reay, D., 2004. It’s All Becoming a Habitus. British Journal of Sociology of Education [online], 25(4), 431–444. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569042000236934 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142569042000236934

Reay, D., 2005. Beyond consciousness? Sociology [online], 39(5), 911–928. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038505058372 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038505058372

Reay, D., 2009. ‘Fitting in’ or ‘Standing out’. British Educational Research Journal [online], 1–18. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920902878925 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920902878925

Reay, D., 2015. Habitus and the Psychosocial. Cambridge Journal of Education [online], 45(1), 9–23. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2014.990420 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2014.990420

Robbins, D., 2005. The Origins, Early Development and Status of Bourdieu’s Concept of Cultural Capital. The British Journal of Sociology [online], 56(1), 13–29. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2005.00044.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2005.00044.x

Santos, B.S., 1987. Law: A Map of Misreading – Toward a Postmodern Conception of Law. Journal of Law and Society [online], 14, 3, 279–302. Available at: https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/jlsocty14&i=289 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1410186

Savage, M., Bagnall, G., and Longhurst, B., 2001. Ordinary, ambivalent and defensive. Sociology [online], 35(4), 875–892. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038501035004005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038501035004005

Sayer, A., 2005. The Moral Significance of Class [online]. Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511488863 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511488863

Sayer, A., 2011. Why things matter to people. Social science, values and ethical life [online]. Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511734779 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511734779

Schwarz, M., and Thompson, M., 1990. Divided we stand. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Scott, R.A., Stuart, J., and Barber, B.L., 2021. Contemporary friendships and social vulnerability among youth. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships [online], 38(12), 3451–3471. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075211029384 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075211029384

Silbey, S., 2001. Legal culture and legal consciousness. In: N. Smelser and B. Baltes, eds., International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences [online], 8623–8629. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/02913-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/02913-2

Silbey, S., 2018. Studying legal consciousness. Droit et société [online], 100, 733–788. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3917/drs1.100.0733 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/drs1.100.0733

Skeggs, B., 1997. Formations of Class and Gender: Becoming Respectable. London: Sage.

Skeggs, B., 2004. Class, Self, Culture. London: Routledge.

Skeggs, B., 2011. Imagining personhood differently. The Sociological Review [online], 59(3), 496–513. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2011.02018.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2011.02018.x

Skeggs, B., and Loveday, V., 2012. Struggles for value: Value practices, injustice, judgment, affect and the idea of class. The British Journal of Sociology [online], 63(3),472–490. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2012.01420.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2012.01420.x

Spanò, A., 2018. Studiare i giovani nel mondo che cambia : concetti, temi e prospettive negli Youth Studies. Milan: FrancoAngeli.

Spickard, J.V., 1989. A guide to Mary Douglas’s three versions of grid/group theory. Sociological Analysis [online], 50(2), 151–170. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/3710986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3710986

Sullivan, A., 2002. Bourdieu and education: How useful is Bourdieu’s theory for researchers? The Netherlands’ Journal of Social Sciences [online] 38(2), 144–166. Available at: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1473723/1/Sullivan2002Bourdieu.pdf

Threadgold, S., 2020. Bourdieu and Affect: Towards a Theory of Affective Affinities. Bristol University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529206616.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529206616.001.0001

Threadgold, S., and Nilan, P., 2009. Reflexivity of Contemporary Youth, Risk and Cultural Capital. Current Sociology [online], 57(1), 47–68. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392108097452. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392108097452

Trnka, S., et al., 2021. Negotiating risks and responsibilities during lockdown. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand [online], 51(1), 555–574. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2020.1865417 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2020.1865417

Verweij, M., 2007. Towards a Theory of Constrained Relativism: Comparing and Combining the Work of Pierre Bourdieu, Mary Douglas and Michael Thompson, and Alan Fiske. Sociological Research Online [online], 12(6). Available at: https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.1595 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.1595

Weis, L., 2004. Class reunion [online]. London: Routledge. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203311578 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203311578

Willis, P., 1981. Learning to Labor. New York: Columbia University Press.

Woodlock, J., 2022. Arbitrators of safety and authors of law – Legal consciousness, normative pluralism and modulated derogation among European licensed aircraft maintenance engineers Oñati Socio-Legal Series [online], 12(S1), S172–S215. Available at: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1292. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1292

Young, K.M., 2014. Legal Consciousness in the Hawaiian Cockfight. Law & Society Review, 48(3), 499–530. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12094 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12094

Young, K.M., and Billings, K., 2020. Legal consciousness and cultural capital. Law & Society Review [online], 54(1), 33–65. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12455. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/lasr.12455

Published

30-07-2024

How to Cite

Quadrelli, I. and Uboldi, A. (2024) “Doing the right thing: Young people’s legal consciousness and pandemic risk management”, Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 14(4), pp. 1148–1176. doi: 10.35295/osls.iisl.1992.