Caste, race, and slavery: On comparisons between race in the United States and caste in India, and to forgotten assumptions behind the legal categories

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1330

Keywords:

caste, race, slavery, comparative science of cultures, Anglo-Hindu law, Enlightenment evolutionary thought, casta, raza, esclavitud, ciencia comparativa de las culturas, derecho angloíndio, pensamiento evolutivo de la Ilustración

Abstract

While diving into the background ideas about caste and race as legal categories, a researcher will discover an important disagreement between scholars: For some, caste is certainly connected with race, whereas for others, caste and race are separate concepts which refer to distinct realities. The aim of this article is twofold: To consider the validity of several characteristics which are ascribed by many authors as common to caste and race, and to analyse background assumptions that enabled the comparison between caste and race as such. The important question, connected with both these aims is about the emergence of the idea that the ancient “Hindu nation” was divided into two peoples, and castes as a system are reflecting the original division in modern India. We will closely examine comparisons made between the advent of Aryans in India and slavery in the United States and Africa. Finally, we will reconsider the European ideas of human evolution and equality of men, which served as a contrasting board for explanations of caste as a form of slavery.

Al sumergirse en las ideas de fondo sobre la casta y la raza como categorías jurídicas, el investigador descubrirá un importante desacuerdo entre los estudiosos: Para algunos, la casta está ciertamente relacionada con la raza, mientras que, para otros, casta y raza son conceptos separados que se refieren a realidades distintas. El objetivo de este artículo es doble: considerar la validez de varias características que muchos autores atribuyen como comunes a la casta y a la raza, y analizar los supuestos de fondo que permitieron la comparación entre casta y raza como tales. La cuestión importante, relacionada con estos dos objetivos, es el surgimiento de la idea de que la antigua “nación hindú” estaba dividida en dos pueblos, y que las castas como sistema reflejan la división original en la India moderna. Examinaremos de cerca las comparaciones que se hacen entre la llegada de los arios a la India y la esclavitud en Estados Unidos y África. Por último, reconsideraremos las ideas europeas sobre la evolución humana y la igualdad de los hombres, que sirvieron de tablero de contraste para las explicaciones de las castas como forma de esclavitud.

Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1330

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

        Metrics

Views 1150
Downloads:
13_1_Farek_OSLS 554
XML_13_1_Farek_OSLS 1452


Author Biography

Martin Fárek, Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Humanities and Pedagogy, Technical University Liberec

Associate Professor (docent) Martin Fárek, Ph.D. is currently member of the Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Humanities and Pedagogy, Technical University Liberec, Czech Republic. He taught in the Departments for the Study of Religion at Charles University in Prague and at the University of Pardubice. He works within the international research team in Comparative Science of Cultures with focus on relations between Europe and India. Fárek authored or co-authored 41 scientific publications, the most recent is co-edited book Western Foundations of the Caste System (Palgrave MacMillan, 2017 and 2020). Fárek regularly speaks at prestigious conferences, for example those organized by the European Association for the Study of Religions. He took part in several European projects, including the role of University of Pardubice academic coordinator for Svaagata.eu, Erasmus exchange project which brought more than one hundred Indian students and staff to eight European universities. He has co-organized and led several university delegations to India, conducted research with his Ph.D. students there, and has helped to develop ties between people of Europe and India in other ways. In 2019, Fárek was chosen as a delegate of the Czech Republic for the Kumbh Mela Global Participation Program, organized by the Government of India and Indian Council for Cultural Relations.

Published

04-10-2022 — Updated on 01-02-2023

How to Cite

Fárek, M. (2023) “Caste, race, and slavery: On comparisons between race in the United States and caste in India, and to forgotten assumptions behind the legal categories”, Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 13(1), pp. 58–88. doi: 10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1330.