Global Ordo-Liberalism, Private Power and the Transfiguration of Diplomatic Law
Keywords:
Global law making, diplomatic law, privatization, international law, ordo-liberalism, diplomatic protection, diplomatic immunity, diplomatic reciprocity, settlement of disputes, Decisiones del derecho global, derecho diplomático, privatización, derecho inAbstract
Diplomatic law is commonly depicted as a field of law particularly differentiated and stable, and apparently at least not particularly vulnerable to the tensions associated to the restructuring of the global political economy which are so easily observable in other fields of international law. For centuries its formative process was customary. Later, early diplomatic practices, institutions, and norms were tailored to measure the functional and normative needs of a world of nation States. However, it was not until the signing in 1961 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations that its basic rules were formally codified. But, as the preamble in this Convention affirms, the rules of customary law continue to govern all questions not expressly regulated by its contents. Custom however is not always the residue of the past that some practitioners and scholars use to imagine. Moreover, its formative processes are also embedded in wider historical transformations of global capitalism. Through the examination of current transformations affecting diplomatic settlement of disputes, diplomatic protection, diplomatic immunity and diplomatic reciprocity, this article contends that diplomatic law is becoming another field of struggle, both particularly unexpected and revealing, in the current transition from embedded liberalism towards a new era of global ordo-liberalism.
El derecho diplomático se representa comúnmente como una rama del derecho especialmente diferenciada y estable, y aparentemente al menos no particularmente vulnerable a las tensiones asociadas a la reestructuración de la economía política global, que son tan fácilmente observables en otros ámbitos del derecho internacional. Su proceso formativo era habitual durante siglos. Más tarde , las tempranas prácticas diplomáticas, instituciones y normas se adaptaban para medir las necesidades funcionales y normativas de un mundo de estados naciones. Sin embargo, no fue hasta la firma en 1961 de la Convención de Viena sobre Relaciones Diplomáticas, que sus normas básicas fueron codificadas formalmente. Pero, tal y como se afirma en el preámbulo de la mencionada Convención, las normas de derecho consuetudinario continuarán rigiendo las cuestiones no reguladas expresamente por su contenido. La costumbre, sin embargo, no siempre es el residuo del pasado que algunos practicantes y estudiosos imaginan. Por otra parte, los procesos de formación también están integrados en las transformaciones históricas más amplias del capitalismo global. A través del análisis de las transformaciones actuales que afectan al arreglo diplomático de las disputas, la protección diplomática, la inmunidad diplomática y la reciprocidad diplomática, este artículo sostiene que el derecho diplomático se está convirtiendo en otro campo de lucha, particularmente inesperado y revelador, en la actual transición del liberalismo solidario hacia una nueva era del ordo–liberalismo global.
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