La inaplicabilidad de la doctrina unwilling or unable en la lucha antiterrorista: una manifestación del Derecho internacional hegemónico
(Inapplicability of the unwilling or unable doctrine in the fight against terrorism: A manifestation of Hegemonic International Law)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1786Keywords:
terrorismo internacional, legítima defensa, uso de la fuerza, Unwilling or unable, international terrorism, self-defence, use of forceAbstract
La emergencia del Dáesh promovió que algunos Estados relanzaran la doctrina que facultaría a aplicar la legítima defensa contra un actor no estatal cuando el Estado en el que se encuentra el grupo no quiere o no tiene la capacidad de combatirlo. Mediante el uso de una metodología jurídica clásica que estudia las fuentes del Derecho internacional, la jurisprudencia y las aportaciones doctrinales más relevantes con un enfoque socio-jurídico crítico analizamos la licitud de esta doctrina y sus implicaciones en la comprensión del Derecho internacional. Así, determinaremos que se trata de una doctrina ambigua y arbitraria que no cuenta con el respaldo estatal suficiente para conformarse como derecho y que contraviene el principio de integridad territorial y la soberanía estatal, así como las normas de responsabilidad internacional del Estado. La tesis refleja la pretensión de impulsar un Derecho internacional hegemónico.
The emergence of Daesh prompted some States to relaunch the doctrine that would allow the application of self-defence against a non-State actor when the State in which the group is located is unwilling or unable to combat it. Using a classical legal methodology that studies the sources of international law, jurisprudence and the most relevant doctrinal contributions with a critical socio-legal approach, we analyse the lawfulness of this doctrine and its implications in the understanding of international law. We will determine that it is an ambiguous and arbitrary doctrine that does not have sufficient state support to become law and that contravenes the principle of territorial integrity and state sovereignty, as well as the rules of international responsibility of the state. The thesis reflects the pretension of promoting a hegemonic international law.
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