The medicalization of family judicial conflicts

A path towards normalization

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1255

Keywords:

medicalization, normalization, regulation of parental responsibilities

Abstract

This article aims to provide a critical reflection on the process of medicalization of judicial family and children conflicts, exploring how the medical and social science (psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers) discourses and professionals are mingled in Portuguese civil guardianship proceedings. Through the content analysis of a set of judicial processes, we conclude that not only do medical assumptions resonate in the rules of child custody, but there is a tendency in these processes to reduce family conflicts to and treat them as pathological problems and to adopt medical and/or therapeutic and not “exclusively” judicial solutions. The aim is to normalize family and parental relationships that are outside the norm.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

        Metrics

Views 470
Downloads:
PDF_12_3_Casaleiro_OSLS 240
XML_12_3_Casaleiro_OSLS 59


Author Biography

Paula Casaleiro, Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra

Paula Casaleiro is a researcher at CES. She has a Ph.D. in Sociology of Law and an M.A. in Sociology at the School of Economics of the University of Coimbra. Currently, she is part of the research project "QUALIS - Quality of Justice in Portugal! Impact of working conditions in the performance of judges and public prosecutors", coordinated by João Paulo Dias, and "FRANET (multidisciplinary research network)", coordinated by Conceição Gomes. She is also one of the coordinatores of the section "Sociology of Law and Justice" of the Portuguese Association of Sociology. 

References

Bala, N., 2005. Tippins and Wittmann asked the wrong question: Evaluators may not be “experts”, but they can express best interests opinions. Family Court Review [online], 43(4), 554–562. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-1617.2005.00054.x [Accessed 22 November 2021].

Bala, N., and Antonacopoulos, K.D., 2007. The Controversy over Psychological Evidence in Family Law Cases. In: B. Brooks-Gordon and M. Freeman, eds., Law and Psychology. Don Mills: Oxford University Press Canada, 218–241.

Bodelón, E., 2012. La custodia compartida desde un análisis de género: Estrategias machistas para invisibilizar la violencia en las rupturas familiares. In: T. Picontó Novales, ed., La custodia compartida a debate. Madrid: Dykinson/Instituto de Derechos Humanos Bartolomé de las Casas, 131–154.

Boyd, S., 2003. Child Custody, Law, and Women’s Work. Don Mills: Oxford University Press Canada.

Branco, P., 2018. Considering a different model for the Family and Children Courthouse Building. Reflections on the Portuguese experience. Oñati Socio-Legal Series [online], 8(3), 400–418. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-00000-0000-0940 [Accessed 22 November 2021].

Campesi, G., 2008. Norma, normatività, normalizzazione: Un itinerario teorico tra Canguilhem e Foucault. Sociologia del diritto, 2, 5–30.

Canguilhem, G., 1998. Il normale e il patologico. Turin: Einaudi.

Casaleiro, P., 2016. Regulação judicial das responsabilidades parentais: Uma análise a partir da Teoria do Poder de Foucault. Revista Eletrônica Direito e Sociedade – REDES [online], 4(1), 173–193. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.18316/2318-8081.16.17 [Accessed 22 November 2021].

Casaleiro, P., 2017. Justiça procura perícia(s): os processos de regulação das responsabilidades parentais [online]. Tese de Doutoramento, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10316/89015 [Accessed 22 November 2021].

Collier, R., and Sheldon, S., 2008. Fragmenting Fatherhood: A Socio-Legal Study. Oxford/Portland: Hart.

Conrad, P., 1992. Medicalization and Social Control. Annual Review of Sociology, vol. 18, 209–232.

Conrad, P., 2007. The Medicalization of Society: On the Transformation of Human Conditions into Treatable Disorders. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Direção-Geral da Política de Justiça (DGPJ), 2021. Estatísticas da Justiça: Os números da Justiça em Portugal [online]. Available from: https://estatisticas.justica.gov.pt/sites/siej/pt-pt [Accessed 22 November 2021].

Donzelot, J., 1977. La police des familles. Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit.

Fineman, M., 1991. The illusion of equality: The rhetoric and reality of divorce reform. University of Chicago Press.

Foucault, M., 1977. Discipline and Punish: The birth of prison. New York: Vintage Books.

Foucault, M., 1978. The History of Sexuality (Vol. I). New York: Pantheon Books.

Foucault, M., 1994. História da sexualidade – I: A vontade de saber. Trans.: M.T.C. Albuquerque and J.A.G. Albuquerque. Lisbon: Relógio D’Água. (Originally published in 1976).

Foucault, M., 1997. “Society Must Be Defended”. Lectures at the Collège de France, 1975–76. Trans.: D. Macey. New York: Picador.

Foucault, M., 2010. Nascimento da biopolítica. Lisbon: Edições 70. (Originally published in 2004).

Lupton, D., 1997. Foucault and the medicalization critique. In: A. Petersen and R. Bunton, eds., Foucault, Health and Medicine. London: Routledge, 94–112.

Moysés, M.A., and Collares, C., 2007. Medicalização: elemento de desconstrução dos Direitos Humanos. In: Comissão de Direitos Humanos do CRP–RJ, ed., Direitos Humanos? O que temos a ver com isso?. Rio de Janeiro: Consellho Regional de Psicologia, 153–168.

Neale, B., and Smart, C., 1997. Experiments with Parenthood?. Sociology, 31(2), 201–219.

Nye, R.A., 2003. The evolution of the concept of medicalization in the late twentieth century. Journal of History of the Behavioral Sciences, 39(2), 115–129.

Ottosen, M.H., 2006. In the name of the father, the child and the holy genes: Constructions of “the child’s best interest” in Legal Disputes over contact. Acta Sociologica, 49(1), 29–46.

Semple, N., 2011. The “eye of the beholder”: Professional opinions about the best interests of a child. Family Court Review, 49(4), 760–775.

Singly, F. de, 2006. Uns com os outros: Quando o individualismo cria laços. Lisbon: Instituto Piaget.

Smart, C., and Sevenhuijsen, S., 1989. Child Custody and the politics of gender. London and New York: Routledge.

Sottomayor, M.C., 2011. Regulação do exercício das responsabilidades parentais nos casos de divórcio. Coimbra: Almedina.

Théry, I., 1989. “The Interest of the Child” and the Regulation of the Post-Divorce Family. In: C. Smart and S. Sevenhuijsen, eds., Child Custody and the politics of gender. London/New York: Routledge, 78–99.

Tippins, T.M., and Wittmann, J.P., 2005. Empirical and ethical problems with custody recommendations: A call for clinical humility and judicial vigilance. Family Court Review, 43(2), 193–222.

Veitch, K., 2012. Juridification, medicalisation, and the impact of EU Law: Patient mobility and the allocation of scarce NHS resources. Medical Law Review, 20(3), 362–398.

Published

27-01-2022 — Updated on 01-06-2022

How to Cite

Casaleiro, P. (2022) “The medicalization of family judicial conflicts: A path towards normalization”, Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 12(3), pp. 424–442. doi: 10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1255.